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1、精品文档_银行招聘考试(面试部分)-相同项单选集1、Everyproductonthemarkethasavarietyofcostsbuiltintoitbeforeitiseverputupforsaletoacustomer.Therearecostsofproduction,transportation,storage,advertising,andmore.Eachofthesecostsmustbringinsomeprofitateachstage:truckersmustprofitfromtransportingproducts,ortheywouldnotbeinbusin
2、ess.Thus,costsalsoincludeseverallayersofprofits.Thesellingpriceofaproductmusttakeallofthesecosts(andbuiltinprofits)intoconsideration.Thesellingpriceitselfconsistsofamarkupoverthetotalofallcosts,anditisnormallybasedonapercentageofthetotalcost.Themarkupmaybequitehigh,90percentofcost,oritmaybelow.Groce
3、ryitemsmasupermarketusuallyhavealowmarkup,whileminkcoatshaveaveryhighone.Highmarkups,however,donotinthemselvesguaranteebigprofits.Profitscomefromturnover.Ifanitemhasa50percentmarkupanddoesnotsell,thereisnoprofit.Butifacerealhasan8percentmarkupandsellsverywell,therearereasonableprofits.Whilemostprici
4、ngisbasedoncostfactors,therearesomeexceptions.Prestigepricingmeanssettingpricesartificiallyhighinordertoattractselectclientele.Suchpricingattemptstosuggestthatthequalityorstyleoftheproductisexceptionalorthattheitemcannotbefoundelsewhere.Storescanuseprestigepricingtoattractwealthyshoppers.Leaderprici
5、ngandbaitpricingaretheoppositesofprestigepricing.Leaderpricingmeanssettinglowpricesoncertainitemstogetpeopletocomeintothestores.Theproductssopricedarecalledlossleadersbecauselittleornoprofitcanbemadeonthem.Theprofitsaremadefromotherproductspeoplebuywhileinthestore.Baitpricing,nowgenerallyconsideredi
6、llegal,meanssettingartificiallylowpricestoattractcustomers.Thestore,however,hasnointentionofsellinggoodsatthebaitprices.Thepointistogetpeopleintothestoreandpersuadethemoftheinferiorityofthelowpriceditem.Thenahigherpriceditemispresentedasabetteralternative.Acommonretailtacticisoddpricedproducts.Forso
7、meproductsof$300,thestorewillsetthepriceat$295or$299.95togivetheappearanceofalowerprice.Automobilesandotherhighpricedproductsareusuallypricedinthismanner.Forsomereason$7995hasmoreappealtoapotentialcarcustomerthan$8000.Bidpricingisaspecialkindofpricesetting.Itisoftenusedintheawardingofgovernmentcontr
8、acts.Severalcompaniesareaskedtosubmitbidsonajob,andnormallythelowestbidderwins.Aschoolsystemmaywanttobuyalargenumberofcomputers.Severalcompaniesareaskedtosubmitprices,andtheschooldistrictwilldecideonthebestbidbasedaswellonconsiderationsofqualityandservice.Inthefirstparagraph,”markup”mostprobablymean
9、s_.A.theamountbywhichapriceisraisedB.marginC.turnoverD.netprofits2、Everyproductonthemarkethasavarietyofcostsbuiltintoitbeforeitiseverputupforsaletoacustomer.Therearecostsofproduction,transportation,storage,advertising,andmore.Eachofthesecostsmustbringinsomeprofitateachstage:truckersmustprofitfromtra
10、nsportingproducts,ortheywouldnotbeinbusiness.Thus,costsalsoincludeseverallayersofprofits.Thesellingpriceofaproductmusttakeallofthesecosts(andbuiltinprofits)intoconsideration.Thesellingpriceitselfconsistsofamarkupoverthetotalofallcosts,anditisnormallybasedonapercentageofthetotalcost.Themarkupmaybequi
11、tehigh,90percentofcost,oritmaybelow.Groceryitemsmasupermarketusuallyhavealowmarkup,whileminkcoatshaveaveryhighone.Highmarkups,however,donotinthemselvesguaranteebigprofits.Profitscomefromturnover.Ifanitemhasa50percentmarkupanddoesnotsell,thereisnoprofit.Butifacerealhasan8percentmarkupandsellsverywell
12、,therearereasonableprofits.Whilemostpricingisbasedoncostfactors,therearesomeexceptions.Prestigepricingmeanssettingpricesartificiallyhighinordertoattractselectclientele.Suchpricingattemptstosuggestthatthequalityorstyleoftheproductisexceptionalorthattheitemcannotbefoundelsewhere.Storescanuseprestigepr
13、icingtoattractwealthyshoppers.Leaderpricingandbaitpricingaretheoppositesofprestigepricing.Leaderpricingmeanssettinglowpricesoncertainitemstogetpeopletocomeintothestores.Theproductssopricedarecalledlossleadersbecauselittleornoprofitcanbemadeonthem.Theprofitsaremadefromotherproductspeoplebuywhileinthe
14、store.Baitpricing,nowgenerallyconsideredillegal,meanssettingartificiallylowpricestoattractcustomers.Thestore,however,hasnointentionofsellinggoodsatthebaitprices.Thepointistogetpeopleintothestoreandpersuadethemoftheinferiorityofthelowpriceditem.Thenahigherpriceditemispresentedasabetteralternative.Aco
15、mmonretailtacticisoddpricedproducts.Forsomeproductsof$300,thestorewillsetthepriceat$295or$299.95togivetheappearanceofalowerprice.Automobilesandotherhighpricedproductsareusuallypricedinthismanner.Forsomereason$7995hasmoreappealtoapotentialcarcustomerthan$8000.Bidpricingisaspecialkindofpricesetting.Itisoftenusedintheawardingofgovernmentcontracts.Severalcompaniesareaskedtosubmitbidsonajob,andnormallythelowestbidderwins.Aschoolsystemmaywanttobuyalargenumberofcomputers.Severalcompaniesareaskedtosubmitprices,andtheschooldistrictwilldecideonthebestbidbasedaswellonconsiderationsofquality
