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1、精品文档_邮政银行招聘考试-相同项单选集1、Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecomeadrivingforce.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustrialunparalleledeconomiesofscale.I
2、tsscientistsweretheworldsbest,itsworkersthemostskilled.AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.Justasinevitably,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-
3、1980s,Americanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKoreasLGelectronicsinJu
4、ly.)Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.Americasmachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.Americansstoppe
5、dtakingprosperityforgranted.Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailingandthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecauseofAmericasindustrialdecline.Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetit
6、ionfromoverseas.Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasdevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldtoblindpride.”Americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonad
7、iet,haslearnedtobemorequick-witted.”accordingtoRichardCavanagh,executivedeanofHarvardsKennedySchoolofGovernment.”ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessareimprovingtheirproductivity.”saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchool
8、believesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodas”agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates./TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarbecause_.A.ithadmadepainstakingefforttowardsthisgoalB.itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbeforeC.thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitorsD.the
9、unparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomy2、Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecomeadrivingforce.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsi
10、ndustrialunparalleledeconomiesofscale.Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest,itsworkersthemostskilled.AmericaandAmericanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.Itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.Justasinevitably,theretreat
11、frompredominanceprovedpainful.Bythemid-1980s,Americanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.By1987therewasonlyoneAmericantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.(Nowthereisnone:Zenith
12、wasboughtbySouthKoreasLGelectronicsinJuly.)Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.Americasmachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.Allofthisca
13、usedacrisisofconfidence.Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.Theybegantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailingandthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecauseofAmericasindustrialdecline.Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefi
14、lledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.Howthingshavechanged!In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapanhasbeenstruggling.FewAmericansattributethissolelytosuchobviouscausesasdevalueddollarortheturningofthebusinesscycle.Self-doubthasyieldtoblindpride.”Americanind
15、ustryhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnedtobemorequick-witted.”accordingtoRichardCavanagh,executivedeanofHarvardsKennedySchoolofGovernment.”ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessareimprovingtheirproductivity.”saysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthisperiodas”agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates./ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthatAmerican_.A.TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarketB.semicond
