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1、 尚考考研，专注北京名校考研辅导12017 考研英语复习资料-非谓语动词第一节 动名词定义：动词的 ing 形式起名词作用时，称为动名词, 在句中作1.作主语: Dancing bored be.2.作表语: Her hobby is collecting stamps.3.作宾语：Please stop talking.4.作介词的宾语：She was looking forward to leaving the hospital wards 1.动名词结构作主语1.一般结构：Reading French is easier than speaking it.Talking to him i
2、s talking to a wall.Lying in bed is my solo exercise.Seeing is believing.Talking mends no holes.2.先行词 it 作，动名词主语置后：Its nice seeing you again.Is it worthwhile quarreling with her?It is tiring driving from morning till night.Its a wonder meeting you here.Its been a kind of misfortune having my class.3
3、.There is + no +动名词，表示“没法.”= there is no way to do sth.There is no living in Beijing.There was arguing with her 2.动名词结构作表语Her hobby is eating.She likes reading books.Denying this will be shutting ones eyes to facts.His aim is everybody having a good time. (everybody 作 having a good time 的逻辑主语) 3.动名词
4、结构作宾语Do you enjoying teaching?Other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.Teachers union have fought against dismissing bad teachers and promoting good one. 4.动名词结构作介词的宾语 He has given up taking medicine.She insisted on writing at once.Are you interested in going w
5、ith us?I was afraid of making friends.They accused him of taking bribes. 尚考考研，专注北京名校考研辅导2 5.介词+动名词构成状语Think twice before making up your mind.And, in doing so, he fell into contradictions.After standing in the queue in four hours, we got two tickets.Instead of going to the haven, we went to the hell.
6、 6.介词+动名词构成定语He is good at the art of making friends.To whom do I have the honor of speaking.Its a device for opening bottles.第二节 分词定义：分词分为现在分词 doing 和过去分词 done,补充说明名词或动词的状态，有形容词和副词的语法功能。用来替换基本句式中的形容词和副词，充当表语、补语、定语和状语。 1分词具有形容词属性的语法功能：充当表语、补语和定语 1.分词结构作表语1）现在分词作表语，与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系：She appears forbiddin
7、g. The situation is encouraging.2）过去分词作表语，与主句在逻辑上存在被动关系：He got promoted.She was encouraged to propose marriage to her lover.注：现在分词作表语和动名词作表语的区别1.动名词作表语，只能位于 be 动词之后，说明主语内容，回答“主语是什么”的问题。One of the best exercise is swimming.(最好的运动是游泳)2.现在分词作表语，可位于所有系动词后，说明主语的性质、特征，回答“主语怎么样”The situations both at home
8、and abroad is very inspiring.(现状鼓舞人心)She looks charming. 分词作定语1）现在分词作定语，与其所修饰名词逻辑上是主动关系Marry is an boring potato.I find nothing amusing in the streets.I just bought a vocabulary book with words starting with A and ending with Z.2）过去分词作定语，与其所修饰名词逻辑上是被动关系In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative k
9、nown as Lovelife recruits young people. 尚考考研，专注北京名校考研辅导3 3.分词结构作补语：一般在感觉、感官和使役动词后作补语1）在主动句中：现在分词表示宾语主动且在进行的动作Nothing gets people talking more than alcohol does.过去分词表示宾语被动或已经完成的动作。What makes one respected is his actions instead of his words.2）在被动句中，分词补充说明主语状态He was caught dozing off in class.He was c
10、aught on the spot breaking into a shop. 2分词具有副词属性的语法功能：分词修饰谓语时，具有副词属性，补充说明位于动作的时间、方式、条件等。 1.分词结构单独做状语，其逻辑主语为主干主语Science and technology would kill all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.She spent a lot of time powdering her face.The girl are busy making arti
11、ficial flowers.Whenever asked about it, he could help pouring the whole story out.Enraged by the humanity, God sent flood to the earth. 2.独立结构：现在分词有自己的逻辑主语的情况，与主干主语不一致Not long ago, with Japans economic growth declining , China rose up and became the 2nd.The day being fine, we decided to go hiking.Th
12、e bus burned, few passengers survived.Everybody, myself excepted, said no.第 3 节 不定式定义：适用范围最广的非谓语动词，具有名词、形容词、副词的属性，可以替代词语充当的除谓语以外的所有成分：主、宾、表、定、补、状。 1不定式结构充当主语 1.基本结构：不定式结构位于句首How to give advice in English is what I am trying to learn.To err is human, to forgive, divine.To offend this might have serio
13、us consequences. 2.变形结构：it 作形式主语，不定式结构置于谓语后It will be unfavorable for you to make a sensational remark on this.Its good to see you. 2不定式结构作宾语 不定式作及物动词及词组的宾语He agreed to pay $400 for the bike. 尚考考研，专注北京名校考研辅导4You must learn to fend for yourself.Dont bother/trouble to answer such a stupid question. 不定
14、式有时需要有代词或副词引导I dont know what to do next.Ill asked him how to open the safe.During his life time, everyone actually think of who he is, where he come from and goes to. He wrote a book on how to lose weight by lying in the bed while eating.We will have a discussion about which way to go 3不定式结构作表语：The
15、 point is to win at any cost.When I was still a child, my ambition was to become a scientist.My question is how to get a higher mark in the exam without taking much effort. 4不定式结构作定语：修饰名词，具有形容词的性质Do you have any suggestions to offer?Would you like something to drink?He was the second man to hear the
16、 newsIts time to go to bed.People have the right to know.He said he had no intention to marry you.That will be the right procedure to follow 5不定式结构作状语：修饰动词，具有副词的性质 作目的/结果状语:常以 in order to.so .as to, such.as to 的形式出现 For H&M to a $5 T-shirt, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor and on straining local natural resourcesHe was so careless as to leave his car unlocked.His behavior is su
