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1、不规则动词过去式和过去分词 A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-hit shut-shut-shut hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read 读音 /e/lie-lied-lied 说谎 lay-laid-laid 放置,下蛋lay- lain 躺下,位于,平放 eg. The hens dont _eggs during such cold weather.She _ her books on the table. _B. 过去式
2、与过去分词完全相同1. 过去式和过去分词中含有 ought, aught, 读音是 :tbright-brought-brought think-thought-thought buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught teach - taught -taught 2. 动词原形中的 e 为 o,变成过去式和过去分词。get-got-got sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 3. 动词原形中 i 为 a, sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat4. 动词原形中 i 为 o, win-won-won shine-shone
3、/ shined-shone / shined5. 动词原形中 an 为 oo, stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood 6. 动词原形中的 ay 为 ai, say-said-said pay-paid-paid 7. a)动词原形中的 d 为 t, send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent build-built-builtb ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为 t , smell-smelt-smelt lose-lost-lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母 t, learn
4、-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant 读音/e/d ) 动词原形中的 ee 去掉一个字母 e, 然后在词尾加 t. 字母 e 发音/e/feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept keep- kept- kept其它 meet-met-met have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made dig-dug-dug hear-heard-heard find-found-found hang-hung-hung C.原型与过去分词相同come-came-come run-ra
5、n-run become-became-becomeD. 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同1. 把动词原形中 i 改为 a 变成过去式,改成 u 变成过去分词begin - began -begun drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung 2. 把动词原形中 o 改为 e 变成过去式,在原形词尾加 n 变成过去分词blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-knownthrow - threw - thrown fly -flew /flu:/ -flown ( 和
6、以上相似)3. 以下动词的过去分词都以 en 结尾,故把它们分为一类a ) 把动词原形中 i 改为 o 变成过去式,在词尾加 n 变成过去分词drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wrote-written (双写 t )ride-rode-ridden (双写 d ) b ) 把动词原形中 ea 改为 o, 在词尾加 e 变成过去式,在过去式后加 n 变成过去分词speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为 o 变成过去式, 在过去式后
7、加 n 变成过去分词wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten (双写t,加 en )d) 其它过去分词以 en 结尾的动词eat-ate-eaten beat- beat - beaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given see-saw-seen take-took-taken mistake- mistook- mistaken hide-hid-hidden (双写 d )E. 没有过去分词的动词can - could may- might
8、 shall- should will - would 其它am, is - was- been are-were- beendo-did- done draw-drew- drawngo-went- gone show-showed-shown wear- wore - worn 不规则动词的过去式 (初二)不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下: 1. 把动词原形中的 o 改为 a,变成过去式。过去分词不变如: becomebecame, comecame2把动词原形中的 i 改为 a,变成过去式。如: b
9、eginbegan,drinkdrank,givegave ,ringrang ,sing sang, sitsat,swimswam ,sink sank,3把重读开音节中的 i 改为 o,变成过去式。如: drivedrove,riderode,shineshone,winwon,writewrote 4动词原形中的 e 改为 o,变成过去式。如: getgot,forgetforgot 5动词原形中的 eep 改为 ept,变成过去式。如: keepkept,sleep slept,sweep swept 6. 动词原形中的 an 改为 oo,变成过去式。如: standstood,un
10、derstandunderstood7改动词原形中的 aw ow 为 ew,变成过去式。如: drawdrew,growgrew ,knowknew,throwthrew(动词 show 除外,showshowed) 8动词原形中的 eak 改为 oke,变成过去式。如: breakbroke,speakspoke 9动词原形中的 ell 改为 old,变成过去式。如: sellsold,telltold 10以 ought 和 aught 结尾,且读音是 :t的过去式。如: bringbrought,buybought,thinkthought ,catch caught,teachtaug
11、ht 11以 ould 结尾且读音为 ud的情态动词过去式。如: cancould,shallshould,willwould12在动词原形后加 d 或 t 变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hearhi heardh :d, sayseisaidsed,meanmi:nmeantment , dreamdreamt dremt 13动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如: cutcut, hithit, hurthurt, letlet,mustmust,putput,readreadred,setset14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如:dreamdreamed/ dreamt learnlearnt/ learned shineshone/ shinedsmellsmelt/ smelled wakewoke/ waked15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: am,iswas,arewere,buildbuilt,dodid,eatate,fallfell,feelfelt,findfound,flyflew,gowent,have has had,hidehid,holdheld,laylaid,leaveleft,liela