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1、第四集语法填空核心考点考点突破连词与介词语言学习的基础,【考向聚焦】历年高考题中至少有一道题要考到连词或介词。介词的考查形式多样，除了单纯考查介词外，还常考查介词与其他词的搭配。此外，在定语从句中，也常考查“介词关系代词”的用法。有些介词的考查频率较高，如with，beyond。连词考查较多的有：but和while，“祈使句and/or并列句”中的and和or；另外，for作为并列连词的用法也是一考点。对应学生用书P12用适当的连词或介词填空1(2013安徽，22)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest，look in your local
2、library_a book about it.解析考查介词。句意：在你去一个名胜旅行之前，在你当地的图书馆寻找一本关于它的书。本题关键在于认识到动词look与选项中的介词搭配构成固定短语的时候，其中隔有短语in your local library。答案for2(2013福建，29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always _ the way whenever she tries to.解析考查介词短语。句意：史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难，因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩
3、子总是妨碍她。答案in3(2013湖北，30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered_ chance a long lost antique Greek vase.解析考查短语辨析。此处表示“偶然发现了一个遗失多年的古希腊花瓶”。答案by4(2013北京，26)I have an appointment _ Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.解析考查介词。短语为have an appointment with sb，意为“与某人预约、约会”
4、。答案with5(2013新课标，11)A serious study of physics is impossible_some knowledge of mathematics.解析考查介词。句意：如果没有一点数学知识，要认真研究物理是不可能的。答案without6(2013新课标，34)It was a real race_time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.解析考查介词。句意：为了完成这项工程，这真是与时间的一次赛跑。答案against7(2013新课标，32)Theres no way of knowing why one
5、man makes an important discovery_another man，also intelligent，fails.解析考查并列连词。根据句意，前后两句话为两种情况的对比“一个人会做出一个重要的发现，而另一个人，也很聪明，但是失败了”。并列连词while表示对比。答案while8(2013重庆，23)Its not easy to change habits，_ with awareness and selfcontrol，it is possible.解析考查并列连词。句意：改变习惯不易，但如果是有意识和有自我控制能力的话，还是有可能的。前后为转折关系，用并列连词but。
6、答案but对应学生用书P12介词的普通用法【典例1】 Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.(2009上海)解析考查介词的用法。among表示“三者或三者以上的同类事物之间”。根据题干中“在获奖的14个人里边，中国模特占4人”可知。答案among【典例2】 He invited me to a dance after the show _ Christmas Eve.(2009陕西)解析考查介词的用法。at Christmas表示
7、在圣诞期间；介词on后接具体的某一天。此处表示在圣诞节前夕，故用介词on。答案on【典例3】 Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name，not case number.(2010江西)解析句意：如今一些医院以名字来叫病人，而不是以病历号。考查固定短语。by表“方式”。答案by【典例4】 _ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious，the government is searching for ways to improve peoples life.(2013扬州调研)解析句
8、意：随着经济危机变得越来越严重，政府正在想方设法改善人们的生活。这里the crisis of economy getting more and more serious是一个短语，所以应该用介词with，表示伴随；而as，when和if后面都要跟句子。答案With1When do we need to pay the balance?_ September 30.解析by后接时间点，意为“不迟于”，“在之前”。答案By2Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain _ an inch.解析句意：子弹以一寸之差未击中上尉的头部。by可表示时间、空
9、间、距离等数量的相差。答案by3A great person is always putting others interests _ his own.解析句意：伟人总是把他人的利益置于个人利益之上。above意为“在上方”符合句意。答案above4_ the production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.解析句意：由于产量增长了60%，该公司又有一个丰收年。答案With介词with的用法主要有1表示“和在一起”，“由陪同”或“有在场”The students went to the farm with thei
10、r teachers.学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。2表示“随着”With time passing，they have grown into big boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。3with后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况He likes to sleep with the windows open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。4表示“具有；带有；包括在内”China is a country with a long history.中国是个历史悠久的国家。5表示原因或理由The little girl was trembling with fe
11、ar.这个小女孩吓得发抖。介词短语【典例5】 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster，many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ favor of younger men.(2011湖北，30)解析句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时，很多老师说他们宁愿看到他让贤于更年轻的人。考查介词短语辨析。句中的step aside表示“让位，让开”，后面接介词短语in favor of表示这些老师更赞成起用更年轻的人。答案in【典例6】 More and more highrise
12、 buildings have been built in big cities _ lack of space.(2010福建)解析“介词名词介词短语”多由in和for开头，常见的有in favour of(赞成)，in honour of(为了纪念，为向表示敬意，为庆祝)，for fear of(以免)等，如for lack of(由于缺乏)。答案for【典例7】We give dogs time，space and love we can spare，and _ return，dogs give us their all.(2010江西)解析“介词名词”构成的固定短语也是高考的常考点，因
13、此，熟记介词短语的意义是辨析语意的关键。常见的介词短语主要由by，for，in，on等“活跃介词名词”构成，如by chance/accident(偶然)，on purpose(故意)，in return(反过来)。答案in5Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?解析考查介词。句意：你觉得这件衬衣的肩部是不是太紧了？across表示“从一边到另一边”，符合句意。答案across6An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee m
14、embers are _ it.解析考查介词的用法。句意：达成协议似乎不可能，因为大多数委员会成员反对。against“反对”，符合句意。答案against1动词介词account for说明agree on对达成协议begin with以开始come across碰见go into调查keep from阻止look for寻找stand for代表agree with 同意(某人意见)answer for对负责wait for等待decide on对作出决定head for向前进live on靠生活look into调查stick to坚持agree to同意(某种安排等)aim at针对c
15、all for要求get into进入hear from接到的信、电话look after照顾run into碰到wait on招待2动词副词介词add up to合计达come up with提出get on with与相处融洽look down upon看不起look up to敬仰(某人)put up with忍受come up against遭到反对do away with废除keep up with跟上look forward to盼望make up for弥补stand out for坚决要求come up to达到get down to开始认真考虑live up to不辜负(期望)look out for当心run out of用完stick out for坚持要求3动词名词介词
