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1、Unit 1Festivals and Celebrations Period 3Discovering Useful Structures语法精析课,语法精讲透析,动词-ing 形式作定语、表语 【体验悟】 阅读下面课文原句, 分析动词-ing形式在句中的作用 1. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. 2. Another example is Halloween, which slowly beca
2、me an exciting festival for children. 3. These lanterns are amazing. 4. So its always an exciting time for me,5. I just cant take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere. 【生成得,1,2,4,5,3,研学析】 一、动词-ing 形式作定语 1. 位置 如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语, 常放在被修饰词前作前置定语; 如果是动词-ing形式短语作定语, 则常放在被修饰词后作后
3、置定语。 They lived in a house facing south. There is a swimming pool in our school,2. 作用 (1)表示名词的属性或用途, 一般作前置定语。 a reading room=a room for reading阅览室 (2) 表示名词的动作或状态, 与被修饰词之间存在主动关系, 相当于一个定语从 句。 a sleeping child = a child _ is sleeping 正在睡觉的孩子,who,点拨迷津】 在下列情况下, 不能用现在分词(短语)作定语, 应使用定语从句: (1)作定语的现在分词(短语)表示的
4、动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作不是同时发生, 要使用定语从句。 昨天来这里的那位教授将给我们做演讲。 The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture. (误) The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. (正,2)现在分词的完成式having done 不能作后置定语, 可以用一个定语从句代替, 或者加上逗号以示分隔停顿和补充之用。 十分了解情况的人可以有效地处理这个问题。 The people having known the situatio
5、n well could deal with the problem efficiently. (误) The people who have known the situation well, could deal with the problem efficiently. (正) The people, having known the situation well, could deal with the problem efficiently. (正,内化用】用所给词的适当形式填空。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the _ (read) ro
6、om. The man _ (speak)to the teacher is our monitors father. (2019全国卷) When we got a call _ (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. There will be more than three hundred scientists _(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow,reading,speaking,saying,attending,二、动词-ing 形式作表语 作用: (1)表示主语的性质、
7、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词, 主语和表语不可换位。 This book is so interesting that you cant put it aside once you start reading. 这本书妙趣横生, 一旦开始阅读就不能放下了,2)具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。如: My job is teaching you English. (=_)我的工作 是教你们英语。 【点拨迷津】 精点动词-ing形式作表语 表示感情的动词-ing形式作表语时, 表示“令人的”, 此类动词-ed形式作 表语时, 表示“感到的”。 2. 动词-ing形式作表语如
8、果与被修饰的词之间是被动关系, 且强调动作正在进 行就用动词-ing形式的被动式, 即being done的形式,Teaching you English is my job,内化用】朗读句子并指出黑体部分的句法功能。 The story he told us just now is very interesting. ( ) There were many people waiting for buses in the waiting room. ( ) 语法填空 What I am tired of is _ (wait) here alone. Watching a football m
9、atch is very _(excite,表语,定语,waiting,exciting,常温故勤总结 动词-ing 形式作定语, 表示属性或用途; 也可说明其动作, 正在进行且主动。 动词-ing 形式作表语, 本质就是形容词; 如若说明其内容, 主语表语可互换,用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Her job is _ (keep) the lecture hall as clean as possible. 2. The experiment they carried out was an _ (amaze)success. 3. I didnt see anyone _ (take) aw
10、ay your paper. It might have been blown by the wind. 4. During the days _(come)well make good preparations for the sports meeting. 5. My favorite sport is _(play) football while his is playing basketball,课时素养达标,keeping,amazing,take,to come,playing,6. Encouraged by the professor _(make) a speech, we
11、should work hard to make contributions to our country. 7. He walked around stiffly carrying a _ (walk)stick, lost in thought. 8. These words were _(move), voicing the common feeling deep in the hearts of all the people. 9. After the earthquake, several persons were _ (miss). 10. He gave us an _ spee
12、ch. We were all _. (inspire,making,walking,moving,missing,inspiring,inspired,完成句子 My hobby is _(读书), which makes me lead a very happy and very full life. 2. Mr Song from Beijing University gave us some advice on _ (学习方法). 3. The girl _(正站在大树底下的) is my sister,reading,learning methods,standing under t
13、he big tree,4. My job is _(教你们游泳) which is beneficial to your health. 5. Tom often _(在图书馆学习) has made great progress. 6. The plan _(正在被讨论的)will be taken into practice next year,teaching you swimming,studying in the library,being discussed,语法填空 The other day I finished my homework and went out 1. _ (
14、play). There were many people 2. _ (walk) in the street. 3. _ (sudden), I thought of a good idea: I would act a sick person with 4. _ walking stick to make a fool of others. Coincidently, Mary was just there 5. _ (wait) for somebody. When she saw me, she asked what was the matter with me and then,bu
15、rst out 6. _ (laugh). She told me she went to visit the museum 7. _ (build). 8. _ the way she saw poor people 9. _ (sleep) in the street and begging for food, 10. _ astonished us very much. At last, I decided to help them,1. 【解析】to play。考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语。 2. 【解析】walking。考查非谓语动词。此处people与walk之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用现在分词形式。 3. 【解析】Suddenly。考查副词。单独作状语用副词形式。 4. 【解析】a。考查冠词。a walking stick 表示“一根拐杖”。 5. 【解析】waiting。考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语的形式表示过去正在进行的动作,6. 【解析】laughing。考查固定搭配。burst out doing sth. 固定搭配, 表示“突然起来”。 7.
