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1、3.词性转化及词性变化常考考点：形容词副词widewidely形容词形容词比较级/最高级widewider/widest形容词名词widewidth形容词动词widewiden动词名词instructinstruction(s)特殊变性happyhappily，simplesimplytruetruly，arrangearrangementjudgejudgment1.（2020浙江卷1月）This is (particular) true in the US.【答案】particularly【解析】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。
2、2.（2020全国II卷）The (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.【答案】beautiful【解析】考查形容词。根据The _ long branches，可判断此处为形容词修饰名词branches，故填beautiful。3.（2020山东卷）Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 【答案】accuracy【解析】考查名词。根据空格前的形容词Historical与空格后的系动词
3、is，判断此处需用名词形式，故填accuracy。 4.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moons far side is (extreme) challenging. 【答案】extremely【解析】考查形容词。根据句子成分分析可知此处需要用副词修饰形容词challenging，故填extremely。5.（2019全国II卷）Her years of hard work have _(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.
4、【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为最终得以认可，故填finally。6.（2019全国卷I）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为研究很少。故填poorly。7.
5、（2019浙江卷）Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.【答案】connection/connections【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和在学校的表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。8.（2019浙江卷）School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain,
6、but some schools are starting to get rid of them.【答案】traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。【技巧点拨】当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条规则顺利解题：（1）作主语或宾语用名词形式；（2）作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；（3）修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形式。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定要
7、填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。注意：1.有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀，其逻辑意义才通顺；2.当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。一、词性转化填空1. More and more people were gathering there. He _(shoul
8、der) his way through the crowd and rushed into the burning house.2. No one _(nose) the danger before the earthquake.3. The car couldnt move forward and _(back) through the gate.4. When I entered his room, I saw him _(paper) the wall.5. He often _(oil) the machine to make sure it can perform smoothly
9、.6. Mum _(nurse) me for three weeks after I had my leg broken in a football match.7. He used to _(brother) me and gave me a lot of help.8. The museum _(house) a collection of famous paintings.9. The dog _(mouth) a piece of meat from the butchers and ran away quickly.10. It was this little girl who _
10、(finger) the thief yesterday.【答案】1. shouldered2. nosed3. backed4. papering5. oils6. has nursed7. brother8. houses9. mouthed10. fingered【解析】1.考查构词法。句意：越来越多的人在那里聚集。他用肩膀挤着穿过人群，冲进着火的房子。shoulder在此处为动词，意为：用肩膀推开，挤；shoulder ones way through意为用肩膀挤着穿过去。根据空前一句中的were以及后面的rushed可知，用一般过去时。故填shouldered。2.考查构词法。句意：
11、地震前，没有人察觉到危险。此句中的nose作动词，意为嗅到，察觉到，根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填nosed。3.考查构词法。句意：车不能向前开了，就从大门倒了出去。back由名词转化为动词，意为后退；根据前半句couldnt可知表示过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填backed。4.考查构词法。句意：当我进入他的房间时，我看到他正在用纸糊墙。paper由名词转化为动词，意为用墙纸裱糊（墙壁）。see sb. doing.：看见某人正在做，用doing作宾语补足语。故填papering。5.考查构词法。句意：他经常给机器上油润滑以确保机器能够平稳地运转。oil由名词转
12、化为动词，意为给用油润滑。根据often可知用一般现在时，表示经常发生的情况。故填oils。6.考查构词法。句意：我在一场足球比赛中摔断腿后，母亲护理了我三个星期。nurse由名词转化为动词，意为护理，看护；根据时间状语 for three weeks可知用现在完成时，故填has nursed。7.考查构词法。句意：他过去视我为兄弟，并给予了我很多帮助。brother名词转化为动词，意为：兄弟般地对待，视为兄弟。used to do.“过去常常做”，后接动词原形，故填brother。8.考查构词法。句意：这个博物馆收藏了一批名画藏品。此句中house用作动词，意为：收藏、容纳，把储藏在房内。根
13、据语境用一般现在时表示客观事实。故填houses。9.考查构词法。句意：那只狗从肉店衔了一块肉就迅速跑开了。此处mouth动词，意为：把放入嘴内，根据后半句ran away可知用一般过去时。故填mouthed。10.考查构词法。句意：昨天是这个小女孩告发了这个小偷。finger在此用作动词，意为：向警方告发；此句为强调句型，根据yesterday判断用一般过去时。故填fingered。二、语法填空Passage 1I have a warm story to share with you. A school in San Francisco not only accepted a deaf s
14、tudent, but also 1 (teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better communicate with him.The moving story began in September last year 2 a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood 3 (accept） her six-year-old son, James, who has a hearing 4 (disable). The teacher, Lily, agreed
15、 almost immediately, 5 on the first day of school, she noticed James 6 (sit）all by himself, unable to communicate with any of his classmates.Lily, 7 (determine) to find a way out, tried developing a few signs of her own. But a parent of another child came up 8 an even better idea getting the whole class to learn sign language along with James. So they got a sign language teacher on board, and three months later, James w
