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1、关于从句1、 拿到一个从句，首先要正确判断从句类型。三大从句：（1 ）名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句（2 ）形容词性从句：定语从句（3 ）副词性从句：状语从句（时间、地点、条件、目的、结果、原因、让步、方式）2、区别是什么从句应看主句。主句不完整时，从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者是名词性从句里的一种同位语从句。名词性从句主宾表同主语从句 What I say is true.宾语从句 He wont believe what I say.表语从句 That is what I said.同位语从句 I told them the ne
2、ws that Rockets won the game today. 怎样选择名词性从句里的引导词：名词性从句中缺什么意思就用什么意思的引导词。缺名词性成份时，指人用 who/whom，指物用 what；不缺意思和成份时用 that。That 只有在宾语从句中可以省略。例题如下：1_ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known.A.不填 B. Whenever C. What D. When2There is a common belief among them _ rubbish can and should be put to g
3、ood use.A. which B. if C. whether D. that3Hes bought a cottage for _ he retires, with the money he saved.A. When B. where C. what D. which 4It is known to all that Taiwan belongs to China.-Do you think it possible that we take over Taiwan?-Of course. It 经常在句中当形式主语、宾语，代替真正的主语、宾语，以避免头重脚轻。例题如下：1 It is
4、pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere today.A. That B. when C. what D. how2Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?A. This B. what C. that D. it 在名词性从句中，表“是否”时只用 whether 不用 if。例题如下：1. Whether the president will come is
5、not known yet. (主语从句)2. The problem is whether we need it.（表语从句）3. The problem whether we will build another school hasnt been settled.（同位语从句）4. He was worried about whether he passed the English examination. （介词之后）5. It doesnt matter whether she will come or not.（whether or /or not）6. I dont know w
6、hether to go.（动词不定式之前）形容词性从句定语从句 先行词是什么：先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。在定语从句中充当一定的成分。之所以称它为先行词，是因为不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。修饰一个先行词的定语从句（作用相当于形容词）总是放在该先行词之后，也就是说先行词总是出现在定语从句之前。 引导词是什么：引导词就是紧跟在主句后，用于引导从句的词。我们根据先行词选择不同的引导词。如果先行词是：物：which /that / whose人：who / whom / that / whose时间：when / which / that地点：where /which
7、/thatreason：从句完整 why / for which；从句不完整 which /that /-way：从句完整 in which / that /-; 从句不完整 which / that /-例子：I dont like the way in which/that/- you speak to your parents.He found the way which/that was reasonable to solve the problem. 关于 of whose 和 of which：当先行词与连接词后面的名词 n 存在所属关系时（什么的什么）物：whose + n. =
8、 of which + the + n. = the + n. + of which人：whose + n. = of whom + the + n.= the + n. + of whom例子：She is my sister whose shirt is blue. She is my sister, the shirt of whom is blue.She is my sister, of whom the shirt is blue.The room whose window faces south is mine.The room, the window of which face
9、s south is mine.The room, of which the window faces south is mine. 先行词只能用 that 不能用 which(重点前 5 种情况)（1）当先行词是不定代词时，如all， everything，anything，nothing，much，few，little， none，the one 等。All that can be done has been done.（2）先行词被 all, few，little，no，every 等词修饰时。There is no difficulty that we cant overcome.（3
10、）先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。This is the first letter that Ive written in Japanese.（4）先行词被 the only, the very, the last 等修饰时This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）当先行词既有人又有物时。They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.（6）当先行词是系动词 be 后面的表语或连接词本身是从句的表语时。China isnt the country that
11、 she used to be 50 years ago.（7）当主句是以 who，which 或 what 开头的特殊疑问句时。Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop？ 永远不用 that：介词或逗号之后。 当先行词是时间或地点时，引导词要是：when / where / that / which / -When = 介词+which = 介词+时间Where = 介词+which = 介词+地点Which / that = 时间或地点当从句完整时，用 when / where / 介词+which当从句不完整时，用 which / th
12、at/ -例子：I still remember the days that/which/- we spent at the seaside last summer.This is the factory in which/where his parents used to work.The library _where/in which_ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _which/that_ was built in the 1930s, needs repairing.The library _which
13、/that/-_ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.Ill never forget the day _when/on which_ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _that/which/-_ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _that/which_ was spent with you. as 与 which 的比较：（1）在非限制性定语从句中，as 和 which 均可替代整个主句。如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句
14、在主句之前，用 as。They failed in the exam，as/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.（2）as“正如，就像”which “这一点/这个/这件事 ”He passed the College Entrance Examination, B made his parents very happy.A. as B. which C. that D. itHe is careless, which caused the accident.He is late again, as
15、/which we expected. 当先行词被 the same，such，so 修饰时，引导词用 as 或 that。（1）当从句中“主谓宾”齐全时，用 that。（2）当从句中“主谓宾”不齐全时，用 as。在 the same as 结构中，as 也可用 that 代替。但严格地说，the same as 强调相同，the same that 注重同一。This was so difficult a problem as we couldnt work out.（后面句子不完整）This was so difficult a problem that we couldnt work i
16、t out.（后面句子完整）This is the same book as you bought yesterday. This is the same book that you bought yesterday. 定语从句练习题 part 11. The old man returned to China, he left 20 years ago.A. where B. which C. that D. how2. When is your husbands birthday?- The same day of my birthday, _ I cant forget.A. that B. when C. wh
