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1、 .2013 -2018天津英语中考 首字母 汇编2018八、综合填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。How do we know the time? A clock, a watch or a cell phone can help us. However many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries people have developed different
2、w 76 of telling the time.About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians i 77 the sun clock. This was a tall stone structure. Its shadow ( 影 子 )showed the movement of the s 78 they were able to determine （测定） midday.About 3,500 years ago,the Egyptians made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clock and could
3、 measure ( 测量)the time for half a day. On c 79 days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.Water clocks were the f 80clocks not to use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flows（流动）from one container （容器） to another. When the water reaches a certain l 81 it moves
4、a lever ( 控制杆 )and this shows the hours. The Egyptians used waterclocks about3,400years ago. These clocks werepopularinthe Middle East and China but they f 82to keep accurate （精确的） time.In the 13th century. the mechanical clock was invented. This was more accurate, b 83was expensive to make. Over th
5、e next few centuries it was developed. Forexample, springs( 发条)wereadded around1500. This i84accuracy and allowed clocks to be smaller.In 1927, the firstquartzclock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build and own. People began depending on them more and more to run businesses, markets and so o
6、n.More recently, in1956, came the digital clock. And nowadays satellites（人造卫星） send ourcell phones thetimetothe exact second. Therehas been a lotof progress in timekeeping but some things never c 85 . Man of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not missing appointments.2017八、综合填空（本大题
7、共10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Lan Lan, a student of Grade Seven in Lushan, was taking a drawing class in a tent on April 23. Guess what she drew a house with wings. When the teacher asked why she did so, Lan said if her house could f 81, it wouldn t fall down in an earthqu
8、ake.Lan s hometown was hit by a 8s2earthquake on April 20. At least 196 people were killed and more than 11,000 were injured. Many people became homeless. Soldiers and doctors q 83arrived inthe area, saving people and rebuilding homes. Lots of money was sent there to help all those in need.Although
9、we can t prev 阻en 止t () an earthquake from happening, we can use some methods to r 84harm. Duringan earthquake, do not jump out of high buildingsbecause itis veryd 85. Another method is to cover your head and neck u 86 a strong table or desk. If there is no shelter ( 躲避处 ) nearby, you can also stay
10、by a wall, and .cover your head and neck with your arms and hands. And then you must keep calm and stay there u 87the shaking stops.Japan is a c 88which lies on the earthquake belt (地震带 ) and it is very good at dealing with earthquakes. From a very young age, the Japanese are already taught how to s
11、urvive ( 幸存) them. Students often receive earthquake training. Almost in every Japanese family you can find a survival kit (救生装备 ) with a flash-light, a radio, water and enough food for several days. This helps people to stay a 89after an earthquake.“ There should be more safety t90at schools in our
12、 country,” said Xu Jiannong,an education expert in Beijing. There is no more truth than this when one s life is the most important of all.2016八综合填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。If you pay a visit to Liu Hashengs restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there.They a
13、re ready to serve you and make sure that your dining e81is perfect.After the visit, you can tell others that the robots serving customers isnt a dream any more.Itswonderfulto see h82the 18 robots workinthe restaurant. Thewonder s83when you walk in. Youll see a robot come up and say, Earth person,hel
14、lo! Welcome to the Robot Restaurant. When you have ordered your m the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking. After the food is p 84,_85 , a robotwaiter will glide (滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal youve ordered. And ascustomers enjoy their d86food, a robot sings lovely songs
15、 for them.You may ask, Where did all these robots come from? Liu said they were designed (设计) and m_87by the Harbin Haohai Robot Company. Liu said he invested ( 投资)5 million yuan in the restaurant, with each robot costing 200,000 yuan to 300,000 yuan. Andthe w88robot team is managed by the workers in the computer room.After a busy day, all the robots will go for a meal, which is e_89 . After 5hours, the robots can continue their work for a day. The restaurant now provides a menu withmore than 30 dishes, and the average ( 平均) cost for a dinner isa
