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1、 1. mourner: n. person who attends a funeral as a relative or friend of the dead 送葬者；哀悼者 mourn: v. grieve for 哀悼 e.g.: The whole nation had mourned (for) the death of their great leader. 举国上下哀悼他们的伟大领袖。 Silent mourning Mourn for the deceased 2. thread: v. pass through like a thread 穿过 thread ones way
2、 through: find, pick, ones way through (a crowd, streets, etc) 挤过（人群） ；穿过（街道） e.g.: I thread my way through the crowded streets. On holidays, if you go shopping, you have to thread your way through the crowd, which is very annoying sometimes. 如果节假日里去购物，不得不在人群中挤，这有时很烦人。 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usu
3、ally shrill voice 悲伤地哭泣或哀嚎 e.g.:1) She was wailing for her lost child.她为失去的孩子哭泣。 2) wails (over) ones misfortunes 为自己的不幸而哀泣 3)The wind wailed through the trees. 风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音。 4. chant: n. a song in which words are repeated in a monotonous tone of voice 单调的歌 e.g.: The mourners wailed a short chant o
4、ver and over again. 送葬者的口里一遍一遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。 5. bier: n. a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed 棺材架，尸体架 e.g.: The corpse was carried on the wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. 尸体放在一副木制担架上，由死者的四位朋友抬去送葬。 6. hack: v. cut with strong, rough strokes using a sharp t
5、ool; break up land with a hoe, etc. 乱砍，乱劈；（用锄等）翻地，挖土 e.g.: 1)hack a way through the jungle 在丛林中劈出一条路 2)hack the soil 开垦翻地； 3)hack in wheat 翻土播下小麦 7. dump: v. throw or unload sth. quickly and carelessly 倾倒；抛扔 e.g.: A million tons of untreated waste is dumped into the sea. 百万吨未经处理过的废物被倒进海里。 He got my
6、haversack from the cab and dumped it at my feet. 他从出租车中拿出我的帆布背包，扔到我的面前。 8. fling: v. throw sth. with a lot of force 用力扔，抛，掷 e.g.: fling a grenade at the enemy 向敌人掷手榴弹 The storm flung the ship onto the rocks. 暴风雨把船抛在岩石上。 The little girl flung herself into her mothers arms. 小女孩一头栽进母亲的怀里。 9. lumpy: adj
7、. Something that is lumpy contains lumps or is covered with lumps. 多块的；凹凸不平的 e.g.: When the rice isnt cooked properly it goes lumpy. 米饭煮不好，就会结块。 Many women, especially as they get older, develop lumpy veins in their leg. 许多妇女，尤其是当她们上了年纪后，会出现静脉曲张。 a lumpy surface 凹凸不平的表面 10. derelict: adj. abandoned;
8、 deserted by the owner 被遗弃的，无主的 e.g.: Her body was found in a derelict warehouse less than a mile from her home. 她的尸体是在离她家不到一英里远的废旧仓库里找到的。 Seeing the derelict house which used to be his home, he is very sentimental. 看着曾是家的房子被遗弃，他觉得很伤感。 11. literally: adv. word for word, strictly; without exaggeratio
9、n 照字义，逐字地；确确实实地，毫不夸张地 e.g.: translate literally 直译；逐字翻译 He literally flew into the room. 他简直是飞也似地跑进了房间。 The children were literally starving. 孩子们确确实实在挨饿。 12. bumpy: adj. full of bumps, rough 崎岖不平的，颠簸的 e.g.: a bumpy country road 颠簸不平的乡村小路 13. nibble: v. eat (food) with quick bites, taking only a smal
10、l amount at a time 小口咬，轻咬 e.g.: 1)The fish was nibbling at the bait. 鱼在咬食鱼饵。 2)The gazelle nibbled rapidly at the bread, then lowered its head and tried to butt me. 这只瞪羚迅速地轻咬了口面包，然后低下头，试图用脑袋顶我。 14. navvy: n. an unskilled laborer employed in making roads, canals where digging is necessary 小工，无特殊技术的劳工
11、 15. sidle: v. walk sideways, esp. in a shy, nervous way e.g.:1) The little girl sidled up to me. 那小女孩羞怯地走向我 2) He was sidling into the bar, obviously trying to be inconspicuous. 他侧身走进酒吧，很明显不想引人注目。 3) He sidled through the narrow doorway .他侧身穿过狭窄的门道。 16. stow: v. put or hide away in a safe place e.g
12、.: 1)The old couple tend to stow things away in the attic. 2)stow the winter clothes away into a trunk 3)She carefully folded up the paper and stowed it away in a book. 17. ghetto: n. (in former times) Jewish quarters, old, crowded and unsanitary (从前的)犹太人居住区（破旧、拥挤、不卫生） 18. infest: v. spread in large
13、 numbers and cause damage 成批出现 e.g.:1) The prison is infested with rats. 监狱里到处都是老鼠。 2) There are the rat-infested slums where the plague flourished 老鼠横行的贫民窟疫情泛滥 19. prehistoric: adj. very old-fashioned pertaining to ancient times, 史前的；陈腐不堪的 e.g.: His ideas on morals are really prehistoric. 他的道德观念真是太
14、陈腐了。 20. lathe: n. a machine for shaping wood, metal, etc. by holding and turning it rapidly against the edge of a cutting tool 车床 21. chisel: n. a sharp, edged tool for cutting or shaping wood or metal 凿子 22. warp: v. (cause to ) become bent or twisted （使）弯曲，变形 e.g.:1) The hot sun warped the boards
15、. 强烈的阳光把木板晒得变形了。 2) The wooden frame warped in the humidity. 木架结构因受潮而弯曲。 23. frenzied: adj. wildly excited; full of uncontrolled excitement and anxiety 狂乱的；疯狂的 e.g.:1) He was stabbed to death in a frenzied fight. 他在一次狂乱的打斗中被刺死了。 2) There was a frenzied rush for the exits. 人们向出口处狂乱拥挤。 24. clamor: v. cry out; demand or complain noisily 吵闹，喧嚷 e.g.: The crowds are clamoring for/against tax reforms. 人们吵闹着要求/反对税收改革。 Hitler clamored to start a war. 希特勒叫嚣着要发动战争。 25. grope: v. feel or s
