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1、1To: 2009 年 月 日 VIP 学员补课专用高考英语完型密码吴军金牌教案一（育才、实验、二中 专用）主编人：吴军完形填空的解题要决一巧用首句信息：利用首句把握文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，毫无疑问就是记叙文；如果文章开门见山点明话题或作者的观点，那么很可能就是议论文或说明文。分析首句信息，预测下文内容：一般情况下，根据首句所给的线索，就能粗知短文的大概内容。由首句的提示，加上语法分析、逻辑推理，并借助于短文中关键词语所提供的信息以及上下文之间的关系，就能进一步确切了解短文内容，为确定答案开辟道路。例 1：Monty owns a horse ranch(牧
2、场) in San Sedro. Once when asked about his_, he told the story about a young man, son of a horse trainer.A. life B. success C. family D. job分析：例 2：Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them_.A. ti
3、red B. asleep C. alive D. busy分析：例 3：When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so, I find the article(文章) on the_ side is also interestingA. each B. other C. another D. either完形填空解题要决二巧用上下文语境。注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以根据前文的信息
4、提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，我们应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文的基础上，再确定答案。 通读全文，利用复现词语：完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现使得语篇中的句子相互衔接，从而构成一个完整的、有机的意义整体。把握这些反复出现的词语，有助于我们确定正确答案。例 1：Reading is a way of learning English without classes or a teacher. It helps develop learners independence. And while reading graded readers, learners don
5、t have to run a_ because the language is at their level.A. dictionary B. teacher C. student D. recorder分析：2例 2：All of a sudden I started to feel rather_1_. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2_. I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without e
6、xperience.1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help分析：例 3：Years ago in Scotland, the Clark family had a dream. Clark and his wife worked and_, making plans for their nine children and themselves to travel to 2(America) . It had taken years, but they
7、had 3(finally) saved enough money and had gotten passports and reservations for the whole family on a new liner t the United States.A. spent B. added C. saved D. played分析：完形填空的解题要决三根据文化背景常识：利用英语国家的文化背景知识，英语国家的文化背景知识包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等。我们做题时若能积极调动自己的文化背景知识，注意中西文化各方面存在的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，选出正确的答案。结
8、合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容经常与日常生活相关，因此当我们对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普常识来帮助判断。例 1：Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. They are very busy working to support the family. They dont act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I se on TV. Flowers to each other on Valentines Day
9、(情人节) is even more out of the question.A. Taking B. Passing C. Buying D. Sending分析：例 2：Fire stations are strangely exciting places. In the normal course of events the great doors are shut, and behind them, the fire-engines wait peacefully, brightly cleaned and lovingly cared for. But the moment the
10、fire alarm sounds, the huge doors open immediately and the firemen come .A. fleeing B. laughing C. jumping D. rushing例 3：My parents are quite surprised .They always thought I would become an 30 teacher!3A. maths B. English C. chemistry D. Chinese分析完形填空的解题要决四灵活掌握名词、动词在句子中的应用。结合语境及名词、动词词义辨析选出最佳答案：词义辨析
11、主要集中在实词，即名词、动词、形容词和副词。设题通常以同义词、反义词或易混词的形式出现。这就要求我们在做题时要根据上下文语境确定答案，将意义相反或相差较大的选项剔除掉，选择使句子结构完整、语法正确、语意符合逻辑的最佳答案。夯实基础，牢记含有名词、动词的短语或固定搭配：对含义清晰的名词、动词短语或固定搭配，可以边读边猜测答案，遇到有能和空白前后构成固定搭配的选项，只要符合文意则可以不考虑其他选项，因此我们平时要注重短语或固定搭配的积累。例 1： “Only a miracle(奇迹 ) can save him now”, the little girl went to her bedroom
12、and took out her piggy bank. She emptied all the change out on the floor and counted it carefully. Then she her way six blocks to the local drugstore.“And what do you want?” asked the chemist.A. followed B. made C. felt D. found分析：例 2：“Stop that man!” Vernon shouted. “He has a bomb!” Everywhere, pas
13、sengers were_ their feet and screaming.A. running over B. jumping over C. running to D. jumping to分析：例 3：Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you you, be, and experience everything you want in life. Instead of just letting life happen to you, goals allow yourself to_ your life happ
14、en.A. leave B. cause C. make D. get分析：完形填空的解题要决五把握文章脉络，识别句式特点。把握文章脉络，偏重观点、态度，慎边读边做。我们在通通览全文的基础上，要从整体上把握文脉，找出完形填空短文的主题大意，作者的观点、态度，文章展开的线索等信息。 学好语法知识，积累句型句式。尽管高考淡化语法，注重情景，但是扎实的语法功底，良好的语感对于完形填空题是大有帮助的。4例 1：It was pouring outside. We all stood there_, some patiently, others annoyed because nature messed
15、 up their hurried day. I got lost in the sound and sight of theA. chatting B. waiting C. complaining D. talking分析：例 2： “Tonight was supposed to be_- to celebrate six months. You do remember were engaged, dont you?”A. normal B. sleepless C. special D. sad分析：例 3：The story_ to be this: George bought a lottery ticket(彩票) a few days ago and won a prize of $500,000.A. turned up B. turned out C. turned down D. turned off分析：例 4：Ellsworth, a patient who had suffered several failures in business, did not show much interest in painting at first. But_ the weeks went by
