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1、八年级英语下册 Unit 7 International charities（第3课时）学案（新版）牛津版charities（第3课时）1、掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。2、 熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by、语法讲解：一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，两种语态可以转换。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：They didnt offer Ann the job、 （主
2、动语态） Ann wasnt offered the job、 （被动语态） 安没得到这份工作。二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。三、被动语态的用法：1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。The old bridge was built many years ago、 这座古桥是许多年前建造的。He was elected chairman、他被选为主席。2、强调动作的承受者。动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。Your plan is considered to
3、be the best、 你的计划被认为是最好的。3、动作的执行者是无生命的事物。The window was blown by wind、窗户被风吹开了。T he whole village has been washed away by the flood、整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。四、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。（2）将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。（3）将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。They held a meeting y
4、esterday、 主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态 有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。He bought me a new book、 A new book was bought to me( by him)、 I was bought a new bike( by him)、 My friend gave me a beautiful flower、 含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了； 注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。I heart Em
5、ily sing the song just now、 Emily was heard to sing the song just now、The boss makes the workers work over8 hours every day、 课后练习：一、根据句意和汉语意思提示完成句子所缺单词。1、We should hand out （传单）to ask people to donate money、2、We will (举行)a sports meeting next week、3、You can sell books to (筹集)money、4、 You can (收集)som
6、e pictures for your project、5、Money schools are built in poor (地区)、二、根据句子意思，用所给词的适当形式填空。1、This kind of bike is (make)in Nanjing、2、English is (speak)widely in the world、3、The little girl (save)by a policeman yesterday、4、When your homework (do), you can play basketball、5、These photos take )by Nancy、三，
7、单项选择( )1、Much time doing his homework yesterday、A、 is spending B、 is taken C, was spent D、 was cost、( )2、Who was the book ?A、 write B、 wrote C、 written D、 written by( )3、Now computers all over the world、A、 is used B、 are using C、 are used D、 have used( )4、Can you tell me when UNICEF ?A、 was set up B
8、、 set up C、 buil t D、 build ( )5、 His painting to a museum in1977、 A、 sell B、 sold C、 was sold D、 is sold四、根据汉语意思完成句子。1、我正在读一本关于旅游的书。I m travelling、2、他们正在给学生发放书本。T hey are books to students、3、在你的帮助下，我按时完成了工作。，I finished my work on time、4、我知道这座桥很久以前就建成了。I know the bridge a long time ago、5、数百万的孩子接受了帮助
9、。c hildren received help、五、根据首字母填空。On June1, xx I watched a charity show organized by Hong Kong entertainment society、 The aim of the show was to (1)r_ money for the earthquake victims (灾民)(2)b_ they lost their homesand families in the earthquake、Nearly two hundred famous pop stars took part in the
10、charity show,such as Jackie Chan, Nicholas Tseand Eason Chan、 The stars didnt ask for any pay、 They did that for (3)f_ There were a lot ofperformances, (4)i_ singing and dancing、 The audience (观众)were so excited that they clapped their hands from time to time、 Of course, the show was (5)s_、All the p
11、eople followed the stars (6)e_、 They (7)d_ their money to the charity show, Boththe ticket money and the donated money would be sent to the earthquake areas and help the victims to rebuild their homes and confidence、 Now many charity shows are (8)h_ in our country, not only to help people in trouble
12、 but also to(9)s_ education in poor areas、 I (10)h_ the whole world will become more and more beautifulwith peoples help、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、 六，完形填空Amanwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenhesawawomancarryingalargebox、Itwashalf1andhalfoutofhercar、Themanwasalways2，sohewentupandsaid“Thebox3veryheavy、Letmehelp
13、you、”“Thatsverykind4you，”thewomansaid，“Imhavingalotoftroublewithit、Maybeitsticks(卡住)inthe5door、”“Togetherwellsoonmoveit，”themansaid、“Ill6andtaketheotherend、”Andthemangotintothecar、“Right，”themansaid，“Imready，”Andhebeganto7theboxhard、8severalminutes，themanandthewomantriedtomovethebox、Soontheyfeltvery
14、9、“Letshavearest，”themansaid、“Youareright、It10sticks、”They11foramoment、Thenthewomansaid，“Letstryagain、One，two，three!”Theywenton12thebox、Atlast，whentheywere13tiredout，themansaid，“Iamsorry，14itseemstostickcompletely(完全地)、Idontthinktheres15waytogetitoutofyourear、”“Getitout?”thewomancried、“Imtryingtoget
15、itin!Youknow?”( )1、A、atB、forC、inD、with( )2、A、helpfulB、forgetfulC、carefulD、thankful( )3、A、lookedB、looksC、wasD、are( )4、A、forB、atC、ofD、on( )5、A、busB、trainC、carD、room( )6、A、getoutB、getinC、getdownD、getback( )7、A、pushB、pullC、openD、close( )8、A、InB、ForC、OnD、At( )9、A、surprisedB、pleasedC、excitedD、tired( )10、A、reallyB、hardlyC、quicklyD、widely( )11、A、movedB、pushedC、restedD、tried( )12、A、moveB、movesC、movingD、moved( )13、A、allB、neitherC、eitherD、both( )
