《194《英语语言学》答案6页》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《194《英语语言学》答案6页（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英语语言学练习题参考答案一I. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given: 1. descriptive 2. place voicing.3. Allophones 4. morpheme.5. signifier and signified.6. structure 7. diphthongs 8. accidental 9. Meaning and sounds 10. metalanguage.11. interpersonal textual 12. tone
2、13. lexeme, 14. suppletives. 15. Semantics 16. Synonyms II. Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets: ( T ) 1. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent.( F ) 2. Chinese is an agglutinati
3、ng language.( F ) 3. Not all vowels are voiced.( T ) 4. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning, they are said to be in free variation.( F ) 5. A greenbottle is a type of bottle.( T ) 6. Productivity is the first and foremost striking
4、feature of human language.( F ) 7. Language contains two subsystems, one of speaking and the other of writing. ( T ) 8. Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future.( F ) 9. Modern linguistics is prescriptive rather than descriptive. ( F ) 10. The study of speech
5、 sounds is called Phonology.( T ) 11. The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution.( T ) 12. Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish utterance meaning.( T ) 13. Compounding, the combination of free morphemes, is a common way to form words.( F ) 14. I
6、n the phrases a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, both cattle and sheep contain only one morpheme.( F ) 15. The meaning of compounds is always the sum of meaning of the compounds.III. Multiple Choice 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.AIV. For each group of sounds listed below, state the phonetic fea
7、ture(s) then share: Example: s f p h voiceless1) g z d2) v h s3) m p b f v4) t d n l s z5) i: i u u:1. voiced 2. fricative 3. labial 4. alveolar 5. high, vowelV. Transcribe the sound represented by the underlined letter(s) in the words and then describe it. Example: heat i: vowel front higha) photo
8、b) write c) car d) actor e) city f) city g) worry h) yes a) f voiceless labiodental fricativeb) r alveolar retroflex liquidc) a: low back vowel d) k voiceless velar stope) i lax high front vowel f) s voiceless alveolar fricativeg) w labiovelar glideh) j palatal glideVI. Write the phonetic symbol tha
9、t corresponds to the articulatory description. Example: vowel front high i:1 bilabial nasal m2 voiced labiovelar glide w3 literal liquid l4 voiced bilabial stop b5 front high lax iVII. Pronounce the words key and core, ski and score, paying attention to the phoneme /k/. What difference do you notice
10、 between the first pair and the second pair in terms of the phonetic features of the voiceless velar stop? In pronouncing key, the voiceless velar stop is palatalized. In key and core, the stop is aspirated. In ski, the stop is also palatalized. In ski and score, the stop is unspirated.VIII. Conside
11、r the following words and answer the questions below: a) finger b) disgracefulc) stepsisterd) psycholinguisticse) antidisestablishmentarianismi. Tell the number of morphemes in each word.ii. Underline the free morphemes in each word where possible to do so. i) a) one b) three c) two d) four e) seven
12、 ii)f)g) disgracefulh) stepsisteri)j) antidisestablishmentarianisIX. Identify the difference between a greenhouse and a green house, and the difference between a sleeping car and a sleeping baby. 1) a greenhouse, the stress is on green; a green house, the stress is on house. Greenhouse is a compound
13、 word; green house is a noun phrase. A greenhouse refers to a building with sides and roof of glass, used for growing plants that need protection from the weather, while a green house refers to a house whose color is green. 2) a sleeping car, the stress is on sleeping; a sleeping boy, the stress is
14、on boy. A sleeping car means a car in which one can sleep. A sleeping boy means a boy who is sleeping.X. Define the following term, giving examples for illustration:AllophoneAllophones are actual realizations of a phoneme in different phonetic contexts. For example, the l, the dark in deal, and the
15、voiceless in slight are the realizations of the phoneme /l/. appears after vowels, after voiceless consonants, and l elsewhere. The relation between the phoneme and its allophones can be shown in the following figure:XI. Draw tree diagrams for the following two sentences: 1. A clever magician fooled the audience.2. The tower on the hill collapsed in the wind.3. They can fish.4. Pat found a book o
