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1、热点09 阅读理解【命题趋势】1. 考点趋势：今后对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。2. 理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。3. 信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。考试说明中根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。4. 句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度
2、加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。5. 体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现语言是文化的载体这一理念。【满分技巧】一、细节理解类题型一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提
3、问：1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct?2.Which of the following is not mentioned?3.All of the following are true except.4.According to the passage, when/where/why/how/how/what/which, etc.?二、推理判断类题型推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或
4、弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：1. We can infer from the Passage that_.2. What can be inferred from the Passage?3. Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?4. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_.5. The author suggests in this paragraph tha
5、t_.6. The writer implies that_.7. It can be inferred that_.8. It can be concluded from the Passage that_.9. On the whole, we can conclude that_.10. From the text we can conclude that_.11. After reading the Passage we may conclude that_.12. What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage?13. The author
6、 is inclined to think that_.14. When the writer talks about, what he really means is that _.15. Whats the writers attitude/feeling towards.?16. In the writers opinion,.三、词义猜测类题型阅读理解题中常要求学生猜测某些单词或短语的意思。历年英语高考题中均有此类题目，有的文章尽管没有专门设题，但由于文章中常常出现生词，因此，词义的猜测还是贯穿在文章的阅读理解之中。解这类题目一般是通过上下文去理解或根据构词法去猜测。判断一个单词的意思
7、不但离不开句子，而且还需要把句子放在上下文中，根据上下文提供的线索加以猜测。运用构词法,语境等推测关键词义。四、主旨大意类题型主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。（二）寻找文章的主题句分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句，即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干
8、段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心。通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1. 相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括；2. 主题句一般结构简单；3. 段落中其他句子必定是用来解释，支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。【热点话题】应用文广告类、记叙文人物故事类、说明文科技环保类、议论文社会现象类【限时检测】（建议用时：3
9、0分钟）A（2020山东昌乐二中高三期末）话题：应用文广告类难度：建议用时：5分This Tiny Box Will Help You Relax In Terrible Summer Heat!Traditional Air Conditioners (AC) are outdated. Thousands of people are now using a much cheaper alternative. With over million units sold worldwide, this device is becoming one of the most successful g
10、adgets of 2019. EVERYONE wants this awesome looking box for summer!What Are We Talking About?Meet the new AirFreez! Its a perfect solution for those very hot days and nights! The AirFreez was designed by two Swiss engineers who realized that AC units are super inefficient and cost a lot of money to
11、use. The engineers also discovered that none of the traditional AC units were made to travel with.So, they designed this light-weight, portable Air Cooling box. It uses a very small amount of electricity and all without sacrificing any of the main benefits of a top AC model! Its tiny, easy to use an
12、d it can cool you in seconds!What Is So Special About This Little Box?The main benefits of AirFreez are its portability and price.It is no larger than a lunchbox. Besides, it can be powered by a pocket solar panel or battery pack.And the price is just amazing. AirFreez costs less than $100 (Actually
13、 $53 for each if you buy more than one here). No messy installation, no expensive electricity bills. For a Cooling unit of this quality, this must be the single best price-quality AC unit there is!How Can You Get An AirFreez?Here is how to get one order it from the Official Website for BEST PRICE.5W
14、hich of the following words can best describe AirFreez?ASmart but fragile.BCostly but multi-functional.CFoldable and durable.DHandy and energy-saving.6What can we learn about AirFreez?AIt costs less than $53.BIt requires no complex installation.CIt doesnt consume electricity.DIt is a little larger t
15、han a lunch box.7What is the purpose of this passage?ATo advertise Airfreez.BTo explain the functions of AirFreez.CTo introduce the inventors of AirFreez.DTo compare AirFreez with traditional ACB（2020山东高三三模）话题：新闻报道，议论文社会现象类难度：建议用时：5分 Teenagers may not know the name Kevin Mayer, but hes about to play an outsize role in their lives.The longtime leader of the Walt Disney Company just became the CEO of TikTok (抖音).In doing so, Mayer will lake charge of an app w
