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1、1清华大学 2012 年暑期学校学业水平测试试题科目:阅读与写作(英文部分),( 满分 100 分)Part A:完型填空（30 分）When we are talking about rights, and whether or not animals have, or should have them, it all comes down (1) what rights we are talking about. Obviously a dog cant vote, and neither can a horse, so (2) rights can not be given to ani
2、mals. Sure, animals are all intelligent in their own (3) , but not in the sense that they can read two sides of an (4) and base their own opinion on them.(5) ,all animals including humans, feel pain and emotional distress, and should have the right to be free from these forms of pain. Human beings h
3、ave, overtime, come to (6) the old ways of distinguishing one human from another. Be it from race, gender or sexual orientation. Humans all have the same rights, just for being human. So why are animals any different?The pain they feel is no different from our own. They all have central nervous syst
4、ems and brains, as well as blood that (7) through their bodies, and thoughts that run through their minds.It has been said that animals shouldnt have rights because they arent intelligent like humans. They cant tell us when they are sad, or hungry, or in pain. They cant write a letter, and they cant
5、 count.If you base your theory of giving rights to a creature on these (8) , then a new born baby should have no rights, and neither should a (9) handicapped adult. But they are given the same rights as any other person, because they are human.So, in saying that, it (10) that you cant have rights un
6、less you are human. But (11) , humans are animals themselves. We are built the same way, and we work the same way, we just have overactive brains which cause us to expand ourselves (12) what we are born with. We are lucky in that (13) ,but in others, we have lost sight of what really matters, and wh
7、at rights are all about, and essentially (14) for.Humans have the right to a fair trial, animals do not. If a human kills another human, they are welcomed to state their side of the story, plead their (15) , and fight for their own survival (in (16) of the death penalty). If an animal kill a human,
8、they have no rights. Its an eye (17) an eye, in many cases. Sure, they can no defend themselves, but 2any scientist can tell you that an animal doesnt kill for pleasure, or revenge, as animals dont possess these (18) . Yet, they are killed anyway.Just because we CAN give ourselves the right to dicta
9、te what happens to every living creature on the (19) , it doesnt mean that we should. Animals deserve the right to live, and be free and happy as much as any human does. They are not below us, they are beside us, and deserve to be treated (2) .1. A) with B) at C)to ; D) for2. A) personal B) intellec
10、tual C)individual D) actual 3. A) approaches B)ways C) methods D)strategies 4. A) argument B)exchange C)attitude D)object5. A) Therefore B)Moreover C)Meanwhile D)However 6. A)dismiss B) reduce C)separate D) destroy 7. A)comes B)flows C)progresses D)advance8. A)causes B)characters C)circumstances D)e
11、ffects 9. A)physically B)bodily C)spiritually D)mentally 10. A) understands B)thinks C)infers D)stands 11. A) hopefully B)presently C)essentially D)necessarily 12. A)for B) beyond C)to D)in 13. A)sense B) meaning C)definition D)reality 14. A) directed B)introduced C) manufactured D)designed 15. A)cr
12、ime B)killing C)innocence D)defense 16. A)matters B)cases C) conditions D)ways 17. A) for B)to C)with D) against 18. A) reasons B)advantages C)merits D)qualities 19. A)space B)universe C)planet D)world 20. A)as such B)at length C)in earnest D) so much 3Part B将问题中 AF 中的句子填在 2125,所在空格中。 （有一个是多余的） （15
13、分）Girls appear to be more resilient than boys in preventing problems at home form affecting their behavior in school, a study into the gender educational achievement gap has found.(21). In 2011 the percentage point gap between the proportion of girls gaining A+ or A grades at GCSE and that of boys h
14、it a record 6.7, up from just1.5 in 1989.Educational researchers have sought to explain the difference through a variety of factors connected to both physiology and environment, including theorizing that boys are inherently more resistant to a formal educational system.(22.)Instead, it found boys ra
15、ised outside a traditional two-parent family were more likely to display behavioural and self-control problems in class and were suspended more often (23).This effect appeared significantly less strong in girls brought up in non-traditional families. By the time the children were 10 or 11 the “gender gap” between boys and girls d
