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1、第 1 页 共 7 页 江苏省泗阳中学 2012 届高三英语二轮复习系列-状语从句一、时间状语从句（1）从属连词 when, while 与 as连词 用法 从句谓语动 词 意义 例句when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。可以指时间的某个点，也指一段时间。延续性动词非延续性动词当时候When they heard the news, they all jumped whit joy. （从句动作在先）I owed Jack $100 when I was in London.（同时发生）as从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。可以指时间的某个点，也指一段时间。延续性动词非延续
2、性动词随着；一边；一边当时候The students sang as they walked.（walked 延续动词）As he stood up, he dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.（stood up 非延续动词组）while从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，强调一段时间。从句常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态（状态动词 be+表语）延续性动词 当时候；在期间While I was reading, he came in. （用进行时态）I made some foreign friends while I was in London.（
3、be+表语结构）注意：when 还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时、这时” ，相当于 and at this/ that time.Somebody was doing something whenSomebody was about to / going to do something whenSomebody had just done something when如：We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain.
4、此外 when 还表示原因“既然” 。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi； when you could easily walk there in five minutes.while 作为并列连词，意为 “而，却” ，表示对比。He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.Dont be afraid of asking for
5、help it is needed. Aunless Bas Calthough DwhenWhy do you want a new job youre got such a good one already?Athat Bwhere Cwhich DwhenI was about to leave my house the phone rang.Awhile Bwhen Cas DafterIt seemed only three minutes he got everything ready.Abefore Bafter Ctill Das（2）从属连词：as soon as, imme
6、diately, directly, the moment, the minute, no soonerthan,hardly / scarcelywhen, “一就”。once（一旦就） 。Once you remember it, youll never forget it.The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 第 2 页 共 7 页 No sooner had we arrived at the stati
7、on than the train left. （倒装）I had hardly got home when it began to rain.Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.（3）till, until (not until / till)“直到才”连词 用法 动词 意义 例句till / until 主句和从句都用肯定式 主句的动词为 延续性动词 一直到为止 Ill stay here till / until the rain stops.nottill /until主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式主句的动词为非延缓性动词 直到才He
8、 didnt go home till / until he finshed his homework.注意：till 不可以置于句首，而 until 可以置于句首。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.not until 置于句首时要倒装。如：Not until he pointed it out did I realize my mistake.（4）every time, each time, next time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示 “每当，每次，下次”。Every / Each time I was in trouble, h
9、e world come to help me out.Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.（5）从属连词：before（在之前） 、after（在之后） 、since（自从以来） 。如：Please remember to turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom.What did you do after you returned home?She has been working in this factory since she left sch
10、ool.注意：上述三个连词，既是从属连词，也是介词。若表达“还未就” “不到就” “才” “趁，还没来得及”时，需用连词 before。如：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.(before 前面是时间段)We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.(before 前面是距离段 )Please write it down before you forget it.Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.二、原因状语从句
11、（1）because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that，每个连词的含义不尽相同。区别项目 位置 内涵 语气能否回答why 能否被强调because 因为 主句前或后 直接因果关系 强 能 能as 主句前或后since / now that 既然 主句前when 主句前或后双方都知道的原因 弱 不能 不能如： Why are you absent from the meeting? Because I am ill.As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.Now that /
12、 Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.三、条件状语从句（1）引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if, unless(=ifnot )（除非） ，so(as)long as（只要）,in case（万一）,on condition that（条件是）, suppose / supposing（假设）,provided / providing that 等。如：第 3 页 共 7 页 so+形容词/副词+that 从句so+形容词/+a / an+ 可数名词单数形式+that 从句so+ many / much / few / little+
13、名词+that 从句such+ a / an+形容词 +可数名词单数形式+that 从句such+形容词+复数名词形式/不可数名词+that 从句such+ a lot of / lots of+名词+that 从句Youll fail the exam unless you study hard. (=if you dont study hard.)As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed.Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?In case
14、there is a fire, what will you do first?I will go provided / providing that my expenses are paid.四、地点状语从句（1）引导地点状语从句的从属连词有：where（在地方/去地方）wherever（无论在地方/无论去地方）如：We should go where the Party needs us most.You are free to go wherever you like.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竞成。Wherever ther
15、e is smoke, there is fire. （无火不生烟）无风不起浪。（2）注意区分 where 引导的定语从句与状语从句。Youd better make a mark where you have any questions. （状语从句）Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.（定语从句） 状 语 从 句 知 识 结 构 状 语 从 句 是 复 合 句 中 的 三 大 从 句 （ 名 词 性 从 句 、 定 语 从 句 、 状 语 从 句 ） 之 一 、 它 本 身 又 因表 示 的 意 义 不 同 ， 而 分 为 九 种 类 型 。 其 引 导 词 又 叫 从 属 连 词 。 状 语 从 句 用 法 列 举 一 、 时 间 状 语 从 句 （ 1） 从 属 连 词 when, while与 as 连 词 用 法 从 句 谓 语 动词 意 义 例 句 when 从 句 的 动 作 和 主 句的 动 作 可 以 同 时 发生 ， 也 可 以 先 后 发生 。 可 以 指 时 间 的某 个 点 ， 也 指 一 段时 间 。 延 续 性 动 词
