试作文杀招 之一 根据曹其军老师讲稿整理 总原则之一： 应试作文以又臭又长为好：臭——全是废话（改卷老师不会看你的内容的） ；长——是很多废话的堆积；所以，考研作文要写到 280——300 字为好 总原则之二： 要有固定，漂亮的“外表” 分析历年试题，考研出题类型不外乎四种：（问题）单向类、 （好现象）单向类、双向类、图表加前三种 一、 （问题）单向 格式总共是三段 段一：S1+S2+S3+S4+S5 （S——sentence）共 5 句话，一共 60 字左右，下面给出每句话可以套用的格式，这些漂亮的格式是一定要牢记和熟背的！ S1 是介绍，固定格式有 1．The past few years(decades)have witnessed us (our society) faced with the issue of…… 2. In recent years there has been a growing concern among the general public over the issue of…… 3. Nothing can be more serious (upsetting ,outstanding, meaningful…) than the issue of…… S2+S3 运用 Flex 技巧进行扩展和包装，这些 Flex 技巧在后面详细给出，要熟背！ 运用 statistics: According to a recent survey made by Dr. Cao, head of sociology department at Beijing University,70%....;and 30%....(在此直接用数字，不要写英文，一般写两句随便给出两个数据足够) S4 “同一份调查还表明…（又给出另一个数据） The same survey also shows that +（又一数据） S5 收尾，与 S1 呼应， “由此可见，…问题已经非常严重了” It can be concluded, therefore, that the issue of……has become more and more serious (harmful). 段二：120——140 字左右 开头：S1 : 10 words 1. To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon (issue,tendency), various reasons (causes) have been put forward. 2.The above problem (phenomenon) may well give rise to some effects (consequences) as follow. S2+S3+S4: 50 words 开始列举了，但是千万不要用那些滥词：first，second，firstly，secondly，印象分会降低，要用些漂亮的词，尽可能用短语： In the very beginning, +S2 In the first place, In the second place, In the end, +S3 +S4 What is more, Last but S2,S3,S4 在简单阐述了各自一个观点之后，就开始进行 Flex 扩展，扩展可运用 Quotation 或是 Example 达到增加 60——80 字： Quotation: To illustrate the point, let’s take a look at what ……(President Cliton) said in an article :“。
” 所以，整个第二段是核心段，基本结构是： 开头 S1（10 字） + S2 扩展 S3 50 字 扩展 共扩展 60-80 字 S4 扩展 段三（解决方法，suggestions） 100 words S1 15 words 1.We should take immediate measures, for if the present situation continues as before, serious outcome will come up. 2. It is high time that (immediate measures be taken now.) (such a problem be put an end to.) (a reform be made.) S2+S3+S4+S5+S6 100 words or so S2 On one hand, we should urge our government to lay down stricter rules to forbid…… S3 Should anyone dare to break the law, he or she should be put into jail for 5 years. S4 In addition , our government should put in more money to protect ( encourage) ……. S5 On the other hand, we should try every means to enhance the public awareness of the issue of….. S6 Only through these measures, I firmly believe, will the above-discussed problem be efficiently resolved. 二、 （好现象）单向类 段一 介绍 60 字 段二 分析 重要性原因（或结果 benefits） 做法 段三 结论（要重视） 段一 介绍 开头：Nothing can be more outstanding (meaningful ) than …… 接下来运用的扩展和（问题）单向类相同 段二 分析 (1)开头： The above phenomenon may well give rise to some benefits as follow. (2) benefits 社会的 经济的 个人的 （3）做法 As the phenomenon is important ,we can approach it in the following ways. 接下来运用扩展技巧 段三 结论 重视 社会生活 （money， awareness） 个人生活 （ awareness，我的决心等等） 说明：该现象为较大类的，如 希望工程，就可以加上社会的重视；较小的如 交朋友，信念如明灯，就只用个人生活的做法。
开头：It goes without saying that due attention should be paid to the phenomenon. 三、双向类 （一） A1 VS A2 = contrast “对照”即是一个事物的两方面做比较 ，如看电视的利弊，出国留学等等，A1 好，A2 坏；或是 A1 坏，A2 好； （二）A VS B = compare 对比 即是两个事物做比较 ，如锻炼是跑步好还是做操好等，A B 同好或是同不好 但是两种题型结构都是一样的，如下： 段一 摆擂台，展现“两”面 段二 回到 A （A1） 单向分析 原因，或结果，重要性，做法 段三 回到 B （A2） 段四 结尾 选择类 A or B 表态类（用死不表态法） A1 vs A2 段一 1．When it comes to the issue (phenomenon) of ……( tuition fee;TV effects), different people have radically different opinions. Some people hold onto the idea that ……. Other people ,however, deem that……. 2. As regards the issue of……,there is a popular discussion. Some people … Other people ,however,…… 段二 开头：…… because of the following factors. 接下来和单向类的段二相同 段三 开头 By comparison, A or B In the similar way, By contrast, A1 VS A2 Quite on the contrary, 接下来和单向类段二相同 段四 表态类（死不表态法） Just as any coin has two sides, it’s no exception with the issue of …. Actually the issue is just like a double-edged sword,and we should try every means to avoid its harmfulness while at the same time, making the most of its advantages. 选择类 As discussed above, each side has its advantages and disadvantages. If I’m allowed to make a decision, I prefer A to B ( B to A) , for the following reasons. On one hand,….. On the other hand,…… 应试作文杀招 之二 四、图表类 此类作文是近年来的热点，但这类作文只有段一和前三类不同,其他都一样的来写. 每一幅图画(表),尤其是 cartoon, 是要表达一个 philosophy(哲理),因此,段一就是描述这一哲理的段落,但是描述的时候只用一到两句话来“轻描淡写”说出这个哲理即可。
近年来几乎考的都是 cartoon，但是一定不要陷入误区以为要对 cartoon 进行大量的描写，象今年考的养老的 cartoon，其实就两句话描述一下画面就马上引出你的结论，接着就开始拿问题类作文的格式一套，so easy！ 段一： 一、 “从这幅漫画中我们可以得出这样一个结论：……” 1.As can be seen from the cartoon,we are able to arrive at a conclusion that …… 2. As shown from the above picture, one point is obvious. 二、如果是 graph 作文，则一定会有数据，就一定会表现出一定的趋势（tendency，trend） There has been a gradual(slow,sharp) increase(decrease) in the number (amount, size ) of ……over the past few years (decades). There has been ……increase……of ……，while there has been ……decrease ……of ….. 将趋势描述出来后，再在 graph 上找出两个同类数据来支持我们的结论就 ok 了。
不要将 graph 上的所有数据都列举出来段二，段三，段四就和单向或双向作文一模一样了 三大扩展技巧 ——Flex 扩展技巧是帮助自己在没话可说的时候达到快速增加作文字数的最有效的方法，运用 flex 的目的就是想。