(完整版)初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

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1、 1名词(课时:2 )一 介绍名词含义: 名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二名词的分类:专有名词( 人名,地名,机构)William ,Linda, Canada ,China , the United Nations, WTO普通名词可数名词 : 包括 单数 ( 只有一个 ) 和 复数 ( 两个以上 ).不可数名词 : 只有单数 .物质名词milk , water , tea , bread , beef, meat, rice, fish , coffee , sugar ,salt抽象名词information, friendship, knowledge , work , ad

2、vice , science,news,weather三重点 :单数名词变 复数名词的规则:1. 一般情况下,加“s ” .eg: books , stamps , pens , tables2.以“s, x, ch, sh” 结尾的,加“ es ”eg: buses , boxes , foxes , watches , matches , beaches , coaches, brushes3.以 “ o ” ,结尾的,加“ es ” or“ s ”eg: Negroes ?ni:gr ? 、 heroes 、 volcanoes v ?l ?ke?n? 、 tomatoes 、 pota

3、toes 、radios、 pianos 、 zoos 、 photos 、 bamboos 、 video需加 es的记忆技巧:黑人 ( Negro)英雄( hero )在火山上 ( volcano )爱吃西红柿 ( tomato )和土豆( potato )4.以“ 辅音字母+ y ”结尾的,把“y” 变为“i ”,再加“es ” .eg: city - cities , country- countries , family- families, story- stories5.以“f ”或 “fe ”结尾的,把“f ”或 “fe ” 变为“ves ”。eg:thief thievesw

4、ife wiveslife-liveshalf halvesleaf-leaves , knife - knives, wolf wolves, shelfshelves, loaf loaves记忆技巧: 贼人( thief )的妻子( wife )在她一生 ( life)中用半( half )片树叶 (leaf )当刀子( knife )杀死了七匹狼( wolf )然后去偷架子(shelf )上的面包( loaf )。6)不规则变化: man- men, woman - women, policeman- policemen, child- children , ox - oxenfoot

5、 - feet , tooth- teeth, goose- geese, mouse- mice, fish- fish , sheep- sheepdeer - deer, means means, Chinese - Chinese, Japanese - Japanese注意:当 man / woman作定语、修饰复数名词时,man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。例如: a man teacher - men teachers; a woman teacher - women teachers四重点:名词的所有格( -的)(1)单数名词词尾加s; 以 s 结尾的单数名词

6、,则只加.the boys bag ;Mary s cap ;Mr James office(2)复数名词如果不以 s 结尾,则加 s; 复数名词如果以 s 结尾, 则只加 .the Children s Palacemen s roomthe teachersreading-room10 minutes walk(3)如果表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后面加s .如果表示各自所有,就必须在各个名字后面加s .This is Tom and Mark s room.These are Tom s and Mark s rooms.(4) the +名词 of 名词the win

7、dows of the housethe name of the city the picture of the Toms 结构 也可以转换成of 结构the girl s name - the name of the girlTom s friend - the friend of Tom( 5) a +名词 of 名词 s / a +名词 of 名词性物主代词(表示“ 其中之一”)a picture of Toms; a friend of mine 名词专项训练1 - Are there anyin the zoo ?- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. li

8、onC. tigerD. deer2 There is only onedoctor and severalnurses in thishospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men /women3- What can I do for you ?- Id like two.A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles of orange juices4This isbedroom. The twi

9、n sisters like it very much.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna s and Jane sC. Anna s and JaneD. Anna and Jane s5 We ll have aholiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?A. four daysB. four-dayC. four-daysD. fourdays6 Paul hasfriends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7 How man

10、ycan you see in the picture ?A. waterB. childC. deerD.factorys8 This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had.A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9 - Where are the?- They are playingfootball on the playground.A. boys students / theB. boy students / theC. boy student /

11、XD. boy students / X10 I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there s something wrong withhis.A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears11 Jenny gave uson how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. anadvice12 We have bought twofor the coming party.A. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberries C. box of strawberriesD. boxes of strawberry13 Mr Smith is a fr

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