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1、高考考点高考考点专项突破 真金试炼真金试炼备战高考备战高考 高考考点 | 专项突破 精品资源 | 备战高考2 专题专题 06 情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气 I.单项填空 1 【2020江苏】If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers, I _where I am. Awont beBwouldnt have been Cwouldnt beDshouldnt have been 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知， 此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后 where I am 可
2、知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使 用 would/could/might/should+do。故选 C。 2 【2020天津】Jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy . AmustBcanCneedDshould 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must 必须； B. can 能，可以；C. need 需要；D. should 应该。根据后面的”as long as we leave it clean and t
3、idy”可知，Jim 许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选 B。 3.【2019江苏】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _a good time together. A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光 的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去 完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(wo
4、uld, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选 C。 4.【2019天津】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _ the task in half the time. A. accomplishedB. had accomplished C. would accomplishD. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根 据上句 the workers were not better orga
5、nized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句 子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他， 高考考点 | 专项突破 精品资源 | 备战高考3 故选 D。 5.【2018北京】12. In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company. A. need B. should C. can D. must 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会
6、对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据 丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词 can。C 选项正确。其 余情态动词均没有该用法。need 需要；should 应该，竟然；must 必须，肯定。 6.【2018北京】13. They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers. A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“
7、they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers 是条件句部分， 表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故 D 选项正确。 7.【2018天津】15. If we _the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach A. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们
8、正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据 时间状语 yesterday 可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用 had + v-ed。故选 A。 8.【2018天津】10. I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 【答案】D 9.【2018江苏】27. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I
9、_ a second chance to become more involved. 高考考点 | 专项突破 精品资源 | 备战高考4 A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本 题考查 wish 引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选 A。 10.【2018江苏】24. Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owners permi
10、ssion. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that.”中，其中由 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原 形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的 should 可以省略。故选 B。 11.【2017北京卷】21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the
11、top shelf. A. must B. should C. can D. need 【答案】C 【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很 轻松地够着书架顶上的书，此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用 can，答案为 C。 12.【2017北京卷】34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. wou
12、ld be put 【答案】A 试题分析：句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对 过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用 had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故 A 项是正确 的。 13.【2017江苏卷】22. _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be 动词统一用
13、were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把 if 省 略，同时把 were/should/had 提前，即 Were /Should/ Had I.，故选 B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生 是 无法克服她自己的困难的。 高考考点 | 专项突破 精品资源 | 备战高考5 14.【2017天津卷】2. My room is a mess, but I _clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning. A. darentB. shouldntC. needntD. mustnt 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今
14、晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A.不敢；B. 不应该；C 不需要；D.不许。根据句意，故选 C。 15.【2017天津卷】15. Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. Otherwise, I _able to reach her yesterday. A. hadnt been B. wouldnt have been C. werent D. wouldnt be 【答案】B 【解析】句意：-你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？-有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。 ，根据标志词 otherwise，否 则相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadnt ha
15、ve her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判 断出主句用 wouldnt have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选 B。 16.【2016北京】31. I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. A. neednt B. mustntC. wouldnt D. shouldnt 【答案】A 【解析】题目考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。A. neednt 不需要；B. mustnt 禁止；C. wouldnt 不愿；D. should
16、nt 不应该。根据句意可知，周六、周日不用早起，故选 A。 考点：考查情态动词 17.【2016北京】34. Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _ me, I could have helped. A. told B. had toldC. were to tell D. would tell 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮 你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if 条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选 B。 18.【2016江苏】27.If it
