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1、全面解析托福阅读中动名词的5种用法 托福阅读是托福考试中非常重要的项目，也是考生有很大机会取得高分的项目。下面为大家带来全面解析托福阅读中动名词的5种用法一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩敬请关注 _ ! 1. 动名词的否定式 not+动名词 2. 动名词的完成式 完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He was praised for having done a good deed. 3. 动词+介词构成的，其后跟动名词做宾语 be/get used to feel like insist on devoteto put off look forward to sueed
2、 in get down to set about give up 4. 可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能 a waiting car a waiting room a sleeping boy a sleeping bag 5. 动名词的复合结构 形容词性的物主代词/名词所有格+动名词构=动名词的复合结构 在中可作主语、宾语、表语等。物主代词和名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。 Do you mind my/me smoking here? I insisted on my husband/husbands paying the bill. 1)在口语和非正式中，这种结构不用在句
3、首，常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，用名词普通格代指所有格。如: There are many reasons for animals dying out. 2)如果动名词的复合结构在句首，就必须用形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格。如： His smoking caused the fire in the forest. 3)there be的动名词的复合结构为there being如： Whats the chance of there being a rain tomorrow? After Caesars assassination in 44 BC, she aligned with Ma
4、rk Antony in opposition to Caesars legal heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as Augustus). With Antony, she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios, and another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus (her unions with her brothers had produced no children). After losing the Battle of
5、 Actium to Octavians forces, Antony mitted suicide. Cleopatra followed suit. Aording to tradition, she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12, 30 BC. She was outlived by Caesarion, who was declared pharaoh by his supporters, but soon killed on Octavians orders. Egypt then became the Rom
6、an province of Aegyptus. 在凯撒于公元前44年被谋杀之后，埃及艳后克里奥帕特拉与马克安东尼(Mark Antony)联合起来对抗凯撒的法定继承人盖乌斯尤利乌斯凯撒屋大维(Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus，他后来被称作奥古斯都，Augustus)。她与安东尼诞下了三个孩子：双胞胎姐弟克里奥帕特拉赛勒涅二世(Cleopatra Selene II )和亚历山大赫利俄斯(Alexander Helios)，以及幼子托勒密菲拉德尔福斯(Ptolemy Philadelphus)。在此之前，克里奥帕特拉与她的兄弟们的结合并没有留下子嗣。在亚克兴战役(B
7、attle of Actium)中败给屋大维之后，安东尼选择了自杀，克里奥帕特拉也如此效仿。根据传统的记载，埃及艳后在公元前30年八月十二日引毒蛇将自己咬死。在她死后，其子凯撒里昂(Caesarion)被支持者拥戴为法老，但他也很快被屋大维下令处死。从此，埃及变为了罗马的埃及行省(拉丁文写作Aegyptus)。 Relationship with Julius Caesar Eager to take advantage of Julius Caesars anger toward Ptolemy, Cleopatra had herself secretly smuggled into hi
8、s palace to meet with Caesar. Plutarch, in his Life of Julius Caesar gives a vivid description of how she entered past Ptolemys guards rolled up in a carpet that Apollodorus the Sicilian was carrying. She became Caesars mistress and nine months after their first meeting, in 47 BC, Cleopatra gave bir
9、th to their son, Ptolemy Caesar, nicknamed Caesarion, which means little Caesar. 埃及艳后克里奥帕特拉想要利用凯撒对托勒密的愤怒，便设法 _凯撒的住处与他见面。普鲁塔克(Plutarch，罗马帝国时期的希腊学家)在他的凯撒传记中生动地描述了这一过程：她将自己裹在毯子里，由西西里的阿波罗多鲁斯(Apollodorus the Sicilian)扛进凯撒的住处，以此躲过托勒密的卫兵的眼睛。她成为了凯撒的情妇，并且在两人第一次见面的九个月之后，公元前47年，产下了他们的儿子托勒密凯撒(Ptolemy Caesar,)。他
10、绰号凯撒里昂，意思是”小凯撒“。 At this point, Caesar abandoned his plans to annex Egypt, instead backing Cleopatras claim to the throne. After Mithridates raised the siege of Alexandria, Caesar defeated Ptolemys army at the Battle of the Nile; Ptolemy XIII drowned in the Nile and Caesar restored Cleopatra to her
11、throne, with another younger brother Ptolemy XIV as her new co-ruler. When Caesar left Egypt he stationed a Roman oupying army of three legions there under the mand of Rufio. 凯撒放弃了兼并埃及的计划，转而支持克里奥帕特拉取得王位。在米特里达梯(Mithridates)开始围攻亚历山大之后，凯撒在尼罗河战役中击败了托勒密的军队。托勒密十三世溺死在尼罗河中，而凯撒帮助克里奥帕特拉重夺王位，并且立她的另一个弟弟托勒密十四世(P
12、tolemy XIV)为她的新共治者。凯撒离开埃及时留下了一支三个军团组成的罗马军队，交给鲁菲奥(Rufio)指挥。 Although Cleopatra was 21 years old when they met and Caesar was 52, they became lovers during Caesars stay in Egypt between 48 BC and 47 BC. Cleopatra claimed Caesar was the father of her son and wished him to name the boy his heir, but Cae
13、sar refused, choosing his grandnephew Octavian instead. 凯撒于公元前48年和47年在埃及逗留期间，尽管克里奥帕特拉当时仅有21岁而凯撒已经有52岁，他们还是成为了恋人。克里奥帕特拉声称凯撒是他儿子的生父，并且希望凯撒指定他们的孩子作为继承人。然而凯撒拒绝了她的要求，并将自己的甥孙屋大维(Octavian)立为继承人。 Cleopatra, Ptolemy XIV and Caesarion visited Rome in the summer of 46 BC. The Egyptian queen resided in one of C
14、aesars country houses, which included the Horti Caesaris just outside Rome (as a foreign head of state she was not allowed inside Romes pomerium). The relationship between Cleopatra and Caesar was obvious to the Roman people and caused a scandal because the Roman dictator was already married to Calp
15、urnia Pisonis. But Caesar even erected a golden statue of Cleopatra represented as Isisin the temple of Venus Gerix (the mythical ancestress of Caesars family), which was situated at the Forum Julium. The Roman orator Cicero said in his preserved letters that he hated the foreign queen. Cleopatra and her entourage were still in Rome when Caesar was assassinated on 15 March 44 BC., returning with her relatives to Egypt. When Ptolemy XIV died allegedly poisoned by his older sister Cleopatra made Caesarion her co-regent and suessor and gave him the epithets Theos Philopator Philometor (= Fat
