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1、第二讲知晓句式结构精通语法的关键一环,一、简单句的五种基本句式,句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有五种，其他句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来的。五种基本句式如下： 1主语谓语(不及物动词) 2主语谓语(及物动词)宾语 3主语系动词表语 4主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语 5主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语,对点练习1补全句子 1我们计划早上七点在学校门口乘车出发。,As planned, we _ by bus at 7 am at the school gate.(2017浙江卷书面表达),2在这种环境下，师生们生活快乐，工作努力。,In the envir
2、onment, teachers and students _ (2015全国卷书面表达),will be leaving/will leave,are living happily and working hard,3龙舟训练营将于7月20号开始。,The Dragon Boat Training Camp _. (北京卷书面表达),4因此，这种新鞋最近才问世。,Therefore, this new kind of shoes _ recently.(湖南卷书面表达),will open on July 20th,has come into being,对点练习2补全句子 1. 迄今为止，
3、3位男生和4名女生已经加入这支队伍。,Up till now，_. (2017浙江卷书面表达),2最后，我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。,Finally, _ frequently. (江西卷书面表达),3 boys and 4 girls have joined the team,we should take part in sports and outdoor activities,3十二岁时，我得到了一辆漂亮的自行车作为生日礼物。,At the age of twelve, I _. (重庆卷写作),4它给像你我这样的青少年提供了一个享受运动和学习中国文化的机会。,It _ to enj
4、oy sports and learn about Chinese culture.(北京卷书面表达),got a nice bike as a birthday gift,offers teenagers like you and me a chance,对点练习3补全句子 1另外，沿江风景令人叹为观止，拥有很多著名的观光景点。,Moreover，_， with many well-known sightseeing spots.(2017北京卷书面表达),2在我看来，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。,In my opinion, a person without friends _(山东卷书
5、面表达),3现在，在中学里，课外活动正变得越来越受欢迎。,Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming _ in high schools.(江苏卷),the scenery along the river is amazing,will never be happy,more and more popular,对点练习4补全句子 1学生和老师们分享着这一辉煌时刻，它给我们一种巨大的成就感。,The students and teachers shared a great time，_ _ (2017北京卷书面表达),2格林先生将就如何学好英语给我
6、们作一场报告。,_ on how to learn English well.,3幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。,Fortunately, _ to interview.,which gave us a great sense of,achievement,Mr.Green will give us a speech,she promised me another chance,对点练习5补全句子 1作为一名中学生，我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。,As a high school student，_.,2从古代起，人们就把早起视为好习惯。,People _ since ancien
7、t times.,3洗手之后不要任水自流。,Dont _ after you have washed your hands.,I consider English a very important subject,have regarded getting up early as a good habit,leave the water running,二、并列句,并列句是用连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来，在这一句型中需要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就近原则”。常见并列句的类型及并列连词：,I know you take good pictures and youve always
8、 wanted to do something for environment protection.(2016全国卷书面表达) 我知道你摄影好，并且总是想着为环境保护做些事情。 It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(2016江苏卷书面表达) 这有利于一些人，然而也使其他人陷入是否投票的困境。 It is not only your enthusiasm but also your teamwork and good spirits tha
9、t impress us.(2016天津卷书面表达) 不仅是你们的热情，而且你们的团队合作和良好的精神状态给我们留下了深刻的印象。,注意并列连词构成的常用句式 (1)在“祈使句and/or陈述句”结构中，当前后为顺承关系时，用and；当前后为转折关系时，用or，or else或otherwise。 Learn to understand，and you will keep away from a world full of sadness and disappointment.(重庆卷满分作文) 学会理解，你就会从满是悲伤和失望的世界中摆脱出来。 Stop smoking now or you
10、r health will be ruined. 现在别再抽烟了，否则你会毁了自己的健康。,(2)在sb was doing sth when., sb was about to do sth when.或sb had just done sth when.中，when为并列连词，相当于and, then意为“就在那时”。 One day, I was walking to my school when I found an old lady lying on the street, looking very painful.(湖南卷满分作文) 一天，我正步行去上学，这时我发现一位老太太躺在街
11、上，看上去很痛苦。 I had just finished sweeping the floor when Mary called me. 我刚刚扫完地，这时玛丽来拜访我了。,对点练习6用适当的并列连词填空 1First, my English is very good _ Im open-minded and warm-hearted, _ Im getting along well with everyone. 2About 9：00 last night, I was busy preparing for my tomorrows test _ suddenly loud noises
12、came into my room. 3You like tennis, _ Id rather read. 4I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practicing it, _ I failed to pass the mid-term examination. 5_ can students improve their writing ability in this way _ they can strengthen their self-confidence.,and,so,when,while,but,N
13、ot only,but also,三、复合句,复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通常独立存在，从句则只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。复合句中的从句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)。 In addition, you should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge (定语从句)(江西卷满分作文) 另外，你们应该尊重所有那些无私帮助你们获得很多知识的老师们。,So long as we hold fast to o
14、ur ideals and never give up(状语从句), we are bound to achieve success.(山东卷标准范文) 只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。 I suggest we should communicate with our friends face to face instead of sending text messages (宾语从句) so that we can maintain our friendship(状语从句)(重庆卷满分作文) 我建议我们应该与朋友面对面交流而不是发送信息，以便我们能够保持我们的友谊。,对点练习7根据提示补全句子 1您若对此感兴趣，可以发邮件到或亲自来报名。,_ (状语从句), you may either send an email to or sign up in person.(2017全国卷满分作文),2另外，最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我真的紧张烦躁。,In addition, _ (主语从句) _ (表语从句) when taking the
