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1、How to achieve high marks in the reading comprehension?,Reading comprehension,高中阅读理解解题技巧,阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。,我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角
2、度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。,.事实细节题 属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。 第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。 第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。 这类题型的主要提问方式常为：,Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT discusse
3、d/mentioned in the passage? Which is the right order of the events given in the passage? All the following statements are NOT true except . 细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案. 做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on th
4、e contrary, on the other hand等等。,One word that sums up(概括)our age better than any otherwhether “our age” is “the technological age” of western countries or the “modernizing age” of Chinais the word CHANGE. But has change not always been present? True，but never before at such a breakneck speed. Today
5、 it is more than just change. It is unprecedented change. In such a world, reading provides the best tool we have for keeping up and for avoiding future shock in a world continually being remade. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Western countries and China are being remade. B. Reading will hel
6、p understand our age. C. The present age and future world are continually changing. D. Reading is the best tool provided by our age.,.猜测词义题 在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个： 一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导； 二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。 其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会顺藤摸瓜，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
7、,a. 定义法 :It will be very hard but also very brittle.that is, it will break easily. 从后:面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。 b. 同位法 :They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。 c. 对比法 :She is usually prompt for al
8、l her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。,d. 构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等) :Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years. possibility 是 possible 的同根名词， 据此可以断定 possibility 意思是“可能性”。 e. 因果法 :The lack of
9、 movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. 从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久的”。,.推理判断题 做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比
10、、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。 这类试题常以如下句式发问： What can you conclude/ imply from this passage? Whats the authors attitude（态度）towards.? We can infer /learn from the passage that.,如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do n
11、othing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on
12、a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.” Q: What can you conclude from this passage? A. the engineer asked for too much money B. the workers should pay the money C. the knowledge is worth money D. the new part could cost more,.主旨
13、大意题 这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。 一般主旨大意题可以分为两类： 1确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic) 标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。即:独特新颖,概括性强,短小精炼。,常见的标题型题干： 1)The best title/ headline
14、 for this passage might be_. 2)The text (passage) could be entitled _. 3)What is the best title for the passage? 4) Whats the topic of the article? 如：In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games an
15、d to fill his time he planned a game which he called “Lexico”. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it and changed its name from “ Lexico” to “Alph” and then to “Criss Cross”. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didnt have any re
16、al commercial(商业性的)success. Q: The text is mainly about_. A. Lexico B. Three men C . A word game,D. Alfred Butts.,2.主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)的概括 一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。 常见的主题句和主旨型题干： 1) What is the topic sentence of the passage? 2)This article/text/passage mainly tells that _. 3) Which of
