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1、【英语】中考英语定语从句技巧小结及练习题一、定语从句1Lily doesn t know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _parents have left their hometown for making money.A that; whoseB how; whoC what; who【答案】 DD what; whose【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语; what 引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个
2、小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句, what ,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little宾语boy 和 parents考点:英语从句是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。2Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?A whatB whichC whoD whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意 “你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what ; B.which指物,
3、在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;D.whom语,故选指人,在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知,先行词为B。books指物,在从句中作主3One of the most delicious drinks _ I like is orange juice.A whichB thatC whoseD whom【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意:我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。考查定语从句。本句先行词drinks ,先行词有形容词最高级修饰,可知用关系代词that 引导此定语从句,故选B。【点睛】that 在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。(行词有人又有物/ 先行词
4、有形容词最高级修饰/ 先行词是不定代词1)必须用that 的情况:先/ 先行词有不定代词修饰/ 以who, which 数词修饰时。开头的问句 / 先行词有the very, the same ,the last/ 关系词在定语从句中做表语时。(2)不能用等词修饰 / 先行词有序数词,that 的情况:介词 +关系词 / 非限定性定语从句。4I like the writers _are popular among teenagers.A whoB whichC whom【答案】A【解析】句意:我喜欢受青少年欢迎的作家。本题考查定语从句。先行词是the writers,关系代词在定语从句中作主
5、语且指人,故选A 项。5Which song do you like better, Maria?I prefer the song Manual of Youth _ is sung by TFBOYS.A whichB whoC whom【答案】 AD where【解析】试题分析:句意:Maria ,你比较喜欢哪首歌?我比较喜欢由TFBOYS演唱的青春修炼手册首先分析句子结构,本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词thesong Manual of Youth指物,且在定语从句中做逻辑主语,所以关系代词用that/which,故选 A。考点:考查定语从句
6、的用法。6Is that all? Yes. That s all _ I want to take.A whichB thatC whoD whose【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-就这些? -是的。这就是我所想要的。whose 谁的。先行词all 在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which 哪一个; that 那; whothat 代替。所以选B。谁;【考点定位】考查关系代词。7All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really delicious.A thatB whoC what【答案】 A
7、【解析】【详解】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that关系代词;先行词是人或物; B. who 关系代词,先行词是人;C. what 什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I madeat the party. 是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that 。根据题意,故选A。8 Tomorrow is Father s Day. What s your surprise for your father?The first thing_ I will do is to make a card for him.A whoB whereC whoseD t
8、hat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意: 明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜? 我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。A. who 谁; B. where 哪里; C. whose 谁的; D. that 用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时,引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing ,是序数词,因此本题的引导词应该用that 。故选D。9一 What kind of movies do you like ?一 I prefer moviesgive me something to think about.A thatB whatC where【
9、答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意: 你喜欢什么类型的电影? 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that :指人或物,做主语或宾语;B. what 什么,不能引导定语从句,排除;C. where 哪里,先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies,指物,因此用that 来引导。故选A。10 Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)Yes. Its the best oneI have ever seen.A thatB whichC what?D it【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意: 你看过流浪地球这部电影吗?这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部
10、。此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what , it 不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best 修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which ,故答案为A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有:可用 that 或 who ,指物时可用that (指人或物),which (指物), who (指人)。指人时that 或 which ,但有时只能用that 不能用 which 。常见的情况有下列五种:当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:Is there a
11、nything that I can do for you?有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时。例如:My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。当主句以who 或 which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which或who 。以避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?)当先行词