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1、Module 6 The Worlds Cultural Heritage The Taj Mahal is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture. It is at Agra in northern India. It lies beside the River Jumna in the middle of gardens with quiet pools. The Taj
2、 Mahal was built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jehan, who ruled India in the seventeenth century. It is in memory of his favourite wife, Arjumand Banu Bagam, known as Mumtaz Mahal, who died in 1631. The building, which was completed between 1632 and 1638, was designed by a local Muslim architect Ustad A
3、hmad Lahori. The whole building, with gardens and gateway structures, was completed in 1643. The Taj Mahal stands at one end of the garden tomb with marble path. The room is softly lighted by the light that passes through double screens of carved marble set high in the walls. The building now is kep
4、t in good condition. The Taj Mahal took 22 years to build. Shah Jehan planned a similar building, but in black instead of white, to lie on the other side of the river. But before it could be built, Shah Jehan was imprisoned by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal. Section Introductio
5、n & Reading Pre-reading 原文呈现 读文清障 Part 1 The Amazing Caves of Zhoukoudian Zhoukoudian is a small village about 50 kilometres south-west of Beijing. In the 1920s ， archaeologists discovered some prehistoric human bones there which changed Chinas knowledge of its history. They came from an unknown spe
6、cies of man and were the first evidence of primitive human life in China thousands of years ago. The remains were . three teeth! In 1929, a complete skull ? was also discovered. Eventually ? ， archaeologists found almost 200 items ? ， including ? six skulls and more than ? 150 teeth. These discoveri
7、es ? proved the existence ? of a human species who lived in the area ? between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago. Four sites where Beijing Man and his relations ? lived ? were discovered on the northern face of21 Dragon Bone Hill (Longgushan). They lived in the limestone22 caves in the area. amazing adj
8、. 令人大为惊奇的 in the 1920sin the 1920s archaeologist/ ? ? ki?l ?d? Ist/ n 考古学家 prehistoric/ ? pri ? hIst?rIk/ adj. 史前的；有历史记载以前的 prehistory nU 史前时期 knowledge nU 知晓，了解 which 引导定语从句，代指上文提到的事情。 species n 物种，种evidence n 证据 primitive/prIm?tIv/ adj.( 人类或动植物) 原始的，原生的 remains /rImeInz/ n 遗迹；遗体 ? skull/sk ?l/ n 头
9、颅，颅骨? eventually adv.最后，终于 ? item /aIt?m/ n( 一 ) 件 ? including prep. 包括including AA included ? more than超过，多于? discovery n 发现 ? existence/I zIstns/ n 存在 come into existence/being 产生，出现 ? who引导定语从句，修饰“a human species”。 ? relation/rIleI? n/ n亲属；亲戚 ? where 引导定语从句，修饰“four sites”。 21on the northern face
10、of 在北面 22limestone/laIm? st ?n/ n石灰石 第一部分 惊人的周口店山顶洞 第 13 段译文 周口店是位于北京西南约50 千米的一个小村庄。20 世纪 20 年代，考古学家在那里发 现了一些史前人类的遗骨，这一发现改变了人们对中国历史的认识。它们是一类未知人种的 遗骨，是许多年前原始人生活在中国的第一证据。发现的遗留物是三颗牙齿！ 1929 年，一个完整的头盖骨又被发掘出来。最后，考古学家发现了近200 件遗留物， 包括 6 个头盖骨和150 多颗牙齿。 这些发现证明： 在七十万到二十万年前就有人类生活在该 地区。 人们在龙骨山的北坡发现了北京人及其近亲居住过的四处
11、遗址。他们生活在该地区的石 灰岩洞中。 However, the life span23 of Beijing Man was short. About 70% of the people probably died before the age of 14. Fewer than 24 5% lived to the age of 25 50. Even so 26， they were quite sophisticated 27. Ashes were found alongside the fossils 28 which showed they used fire for 29 co
12、oking food and also for light, warmth and protection 30 from wild beasts 31. This is the earliest evidence of the use of fire anywhere in the world. They also made tools of32 bones and sharpened 33 stones. Unfortunately, when Japan invaded 34 China in 1937, excavations35 at the Beijing Man Site stop
13、ped and most of the fossils disappeared, including a Beijing Man skull. They have never been found. After the Peoples Republic of China was established36 in 1949, the work started again and Zhoukoudian became an important tourist attraction 37. Zhoukoudian was listed 38 as a world heritage 39 site i
14、n December 1987. It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies, but also 40 has provided 41 amazing evidence about the process of evolution 42. 23span/sp?n/ n 时距；期间 24fewer than低于，少于 25live to the age of活到岁 26even so 尽管如此 27sophisticated adj. 精密的，水平高的，复杂巧妙的 28fossi
15、l /f?sl/ n 化石 29use . for doing . 用来做 30protection n 保护 protect .from .保护免受 31beast /bi ? st/ n 野兽 32make A of/from B 由 B制成 A A be made of/from B A由 B制成 33sharpen / ? ? p?n/ v 使变锋利 34invade v 侵略，侵犯 35excavation / ? eksk ?veI ? n/ n 发掘 36establish v 成立 37tourist attraction旅游景点 attraction此处是可数名词，意为“向往
16、的地方”。 38list /lIst/ v (按某次序 ) 把列表，列清单 be listed as 被列为 39heritage n 遗产 40not only . but also .不但而且 41provide v 提供42evolution/ ? i ? v?lu ? ? n/ n 进化；演变 第 45 段译文 然而，北京人的寿命很短。约 70% 的北京人可能都活不到14 岁。活到 50 岁的人不到5% 。 尽管如此， 北京人进化程度已经很高。跟化石一起被发现的灰烬表明他们用火来做饭、照明、 取暖和抵御野兽。 这是世界上使用火种的最早证据。他们还用骨头和尖石做工具。不幸的是， 1937 年日本侵华时，北京人遗址的挖掘工作被迫中断，大多数化石不翼而飞，其中包括一 个北京人头盖骨。它们至今下落不明。1949 年中华人民共和国成立之后，挖掘工作重新开 始，周口
