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1、中考英语专项复习名词讲析,普通名词,专有名词 （人名、地名）,可数名词,不可数名词,名词,名词单数的表达 一般可用a，an，one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前 *a book * an English book * an hour,flower,flowers,找规律,总结规则,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf - leaves,box,es,NOUN.,名词的复数形式 1.规则变化 (1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog dogs * book books (2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“e
2、s”/iz/ *box boxes *watch watches,(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/ * country countries * factory factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s” * boy boys holiday-holidays * monkey monkeys,(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/ * half halves * shelf shelves * knife knives * leaf leaves,要点考点聚焦,找规律,tomatoes,potatoes,
3、heroes,NOUN.,英雄吃马铃薯和西红柿,pianos,(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外 * piano pianos * zoo zoos potato potatoes tomato tomatoes,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,2.不规则变化 (1)单复数同形 Chinese Chinese fish fish Japanese Japanese sheepsheep (2)变元音字母oo为ee tooth teeth foot feet,(3).变man为
4、men man men woman women policeman policemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人) Germans (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面),(4).常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes shoes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 * My clothes are newer than yours.,3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰
5、 *There are a few people in the park. *How many knives are there in your pencil-box?,1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are talking about_. Awoman; children Bwoman; child Cwomen; children 2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child 3. Some _ came to our school for a vis
6、it that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies,C,A,A,4. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife 5. There are four_and two_in the group. A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，Germans,D,C,不可
7、数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 work chalk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine,1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数 *Some bread is over there. *No news is good news.,2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any等修饰
8、*They had much money. *He does little housework at home. * a rice (X) two bread (X),3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变 *a bag of apples *a piece of paper *three glasses of orange,4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情 况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃) a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) a work(著作) time(时间) times(次数),1. P
9、lease give me _ paper. A. one B. a pieces C. a pieceD. a piece of 2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass 3. What can I do for you, sir? Id like two_. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks 4. We can do the work better with_money
10、and _ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few,D,D,C,A,名词所有格 表示名词间的所有关系“ 的” 一.名词所有格的构成方法 1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“s” Kangkangs father Lucys book 2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ”即可 Teachers office The Greens house,3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s” * Children s Day * men s shoes 4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所
11、属关系的短语 *the color of the wall *a picture of the classroom,1. June 1st is _Day. All the Children enjoy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Child 2. The two bedroom are the _. A. twins B. twins C .twins D. twins,C,C,重难点突破,小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因 Our hospital needs two_doctors, Mrs. Li. Yo
12、u can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. men,D,名词的用法 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数 * There are three banana trees over there. 2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致 *We need a man teacher. *They are all women workers. 3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式 *a sports star *a clothes shop,2. This pair of shorts_t
13、oo expensive. I cant afford_. are, them B. are, it C. is, them D. is, it,重难点突破,C,当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。 This pair of shoes is nice. 比较：The shoes are nice. Here are two pieces of news. 比较：The news is wonderful.,3. The model plane was made by a _ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older C. t
14、en-year-old D. ten-year old,重难点突破,C,当数词与单位名词一起构成合成形容词做定语时， 单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接。 *He is a fourteen-year-old boy. *This is a two-hour plan.,4. The police_on the street when accident happened. A. is B . are C. was D. were,重难点突破,D, 名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。 * Her family is a large one and her family
15、 are all teachers. 她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。,5. Where is Tom? -He has gone to the _. A. teacher B. teachers C. teachers D. teachers,重难点突破,D,名词所有格的几个注意点 可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略 * my aunts ( home） (我姑姑家） * go to the teachers ( office） (去老师办公室）,6. Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks,重难点突破,D,表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“s” * Lucy and Lilys room 露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间） 请区别: Lucys and Lilys rooms 露西的房间和莉莉的房间 （两人各有一间房间）,7. Look at that old man. He is_. a friend of my B. a friend of mine C.
