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1、高考英语语法填空考点讲解与真题分析专题12 代词（一） 代词在语法填空的纯空格题和给出提示词题中都考查。纯空格题主要考查人称代词和不定代词，其中多考查it的用法；如果空白处在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑填入代词；然后根据代词所指及在句子中的作用填入正确的代词。给出提示词题主要考查人称代词形式的变化，主要是格的变化，其次是变成物主代词和反身代词。 对于纯空格题要注意所需代词指代的是什么；对于给出代词的题要根据空格处在句子中的作用判断用主格还是宾格，是物主代词还是反身代词，另外还要注意代词的数。I 人称代词，物主代词和反身代词 人称和数代词 单数复数一二三一二三主格I you he sh
2、e itweyouthey宾格 me you himher itusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves1. 人称代词的用法人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语和表语时用宾格。1. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _ (they)
3、alive. （2018全国III）【答案】them【解析】句意：当大猩猩和我互相吓唬对方的时候，发现它们还活着我很高兴。这里作to find的逻辑宾语，应填宾格。they的宾格是them。2. Then he took _ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool.” (2012广东)【答案】them【解析】句意：那男生摘下眼镜，微笑着说“这很酷。”这里指代前面的复数名词glassess，作宾语，故填代词宾格them。3. Behind him were other people towhom he was trying to talk, bu
4、t after some minutes_ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed. (2011广东)【答案】they【解析】句意：他试图和身后的其他人说话，但是几分钟后他们走开了，坐在我身旁，看上去很恼火。这里指前面提到的other people，作主语，应填主格they。4. Thanks for inviting _ (we) to your food festival. We really enjoyed ourselves.【答案】us【解析】句意： 感谢邀请我们参加你们的美食节。我们确实很开心。作宾语，应填宾格us。5. Kates
5、 name is on it; it must belong to (she).【答案】her【解析】句意：上面有凯特的名字，一定是她的。作宾语，应填宾格her。2. it的用法1) 指无生命的物，动物，植物。1. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _ every day. （2017全国II）【答案】it【解析】句意：然而，铁路很快被证实是个巨大的成功，而且不到半年，每天乘坐火车的人超过了两万五千
6、人。这里指代前面提到的railway，故用it。2. Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_ was a wonderful holiday destination. (2014广东)【答案】it【解析】句意：去年，我和哥哥去迈阿密度假。一些以前去过那里的朋友说那是个度假的好去处。这里指前面提到的地点名词Miami，故填代词it。3. Raise your leg and let_ stay in the air fo
7、r seconds.(2014辽宁)【答案】it【解析】句意：把你的腿抬起来，让它在空中停留一会。这里指前面提到的单数名词leg，故填it。4. Mike lost his school ID card this morning. He is looking for _ now.【答案】it【解析】句意：今天早上迈克把他的学生证丢了。他现在正在寻找它。指代前句出现的可数名词的单数card，故用代词it。2) 指上下文中的人或事。1. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefit
8、s as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _ a try. （2018全国I）【答案】it【解析】句意：如果你时间少，你需要用一半的时间来跑步以获得与其他运动相同的益处，所以我们都应该试试跑步。It指前面提到的“跑步”。2. He is seventy years old, but he doesnt look _.【答案】it【解析】句意：他七十岁了，但是看上去不像七十岁的人。这里的it指前面说的“七十岁”。3) 作形式主语或形式宾语，指代后面的短语或从句。1. Many westernerswhocome to China cook
9、much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap_can be to eat out. （2018浙江）【答案】it【解析】句意：很多来西方人来到中国后，一旦意识到在外面吃饭那么便宜，做饭就比在自己国家少多了。how引导宾语从句，it在从句中作形式主语，真正的宾语是不定式短语to eat out。2. Do you think _ acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?【答案】it【
10、解析】句意：你认为一群妇女在你房子附近的广场随着高声的音乐跳舞可以接受吗？it作形式宾语，acceptable是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是不定式的复合结构for a group of women to dance。当不定式作宾语时，后面还有宾语补足语，不定式要后置，而在宾语的位置用it作形式宾语。3. _ is reported that a bus fell into a river yesterday. Luckily, nobody was hurt.【答案】It【解析】句意：据报道，昨天有辆公共汽车掉到河里。幸运的是没有人受伤。It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。3. 物主代
11、词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中作定语；名词性物主代词作主语，宾语，表语，或与of连用。1. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. （2016全国I）【答案】Its【解析】句意：在最近的一次参观中，我抱着一个三个月大，活蹦乱跳的熊猫宝宝，它是双胞胎宝宝中被妈妈遗弃的那只。作定语，修饰mother，指单数名词twin，应用形容词性物主代词its。2. By that time, the panda no
12、 longer needed _ (it) mother for food. (2016四川)【答案】Its【解析】句意：那个时候，熊猫已经不再需要妈妈哺育了。指前面的panda，应用it；作定语，应用物主代词its。3. A few hours before, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _ (it) choking smog. （2015全国I）【答案】Its【解析】句意：几小时前，我已经回到了香港的家，香港雾霾呛人。作定语，修饰smog，指Hong Kong，故用物主代词its。4. A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh
13、 dear. It is _（I）.” (2014全国II)【答案】mine【解析】句意：公交车上的一位女士喊道：“天哪，那是我的（箱子）。”这里指my suitcase，在句子中作表语，故填名词性物主代词mine。5. Mary used to be a manager at a big company, but she gave up _ job when she became a mother. 【答案】Its【解析】句意：玛丽曾经是一个大公司的经理，但是她做了妈妈后就辞了工作。修饰名词job，应用形容词性物主代词，主语是she，故物主代词用her。6. I am in a group
14、with Tom, Jack and Kate. My English is much better than _!【答案】Its【解析】句意：我和汤姆，杰克和凯特在一个组。我的英文比他们好的多。这里指Tong, Jack and Kates English，故用名词性物主代词theirs。7. I happened to meet a friend of _ in the National Library.【答案】mine【解析】句意：我碰巧在国家图书馆碰见我的一位老朋友。a friend of mine意为“我的一位老朋友”。巩固练习：1. Everyone makes mistakes in life. The key is not to repeat _ again. 【答案】them【解析】句意：每个人一生中都会犯错误。关键是不要重复它们。指代前面提到的mistakes，是复数，且作宾语，应用代词宾格them。2. She is new here. I dont know_ name.【答案】her 【解析】句意：她是新来的，我不知道她的名字。作名词name的定语，故要用
