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1、高考英语语法填空考点讲解与真题分析专题06冠词(一)语法填空题对冠词的考查一般就是一个题,也比较简单,主要在于不定冠词和定冠词。考生只要掌握不定冠词和定冠词的基本用法以及在一些固定词组中的用法,这一分就稳拿。冠词离不开名词,掌握冠词首先要弄清名词的性质,即可数还是不可数。如果一个单数可数名词前没有限定词修饰,则前面一定要用冠词。 I. 不定冠词 不定冠词有a和an。当不定冠词后面的那个词以辅音音素开头时,不定冠词用a,以元音音素开头时,用an。不定冠词多表示泛指。1. 泛指某类人或物(或其中的任何一个)、初次谈到或见到的人或物。这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。1. When we got a c
2、all saying she was short-listed, we thought it was _ joke. (2019全国II)【答案】a【解析】句意:当我们 接到电话说她获得提名,我们还以为那只是是一个玩笑。这里表示泛指,应填不定冠词a。2. It took three years to complete and was built using _ interesting method. (2017全国II)【答案】an【解析】句意:铁路花了三年时间,采用了有趣的方法建成。这里表示泛指,应填不定冠词;interesting以元音音素开头,故填an。3. Instead, she i
3、s earning $6500 a day as _ model in New York.(2017全国III)【答案】a【解析】句意:相反,她在纽约当模特一天能挣六千五百美元。model是可数名词,在此泛指某一(个),故用不定冠词。4. For Pahlsson, its return was _ wonder. (2017浙江)【答案】a【解析】句意:对Pahlsson来说,戒指能够找回是个奇迹。这里表示泛指,应填不定冠词a。5. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next
4、 to the man and introduced myself. We had_ amazing conversation. (广东2011)【答案】an【解析】句意:过了一会,我从座位上站起来走到车的前部,坐在一个男人旁边并做了自我介绍。我们聊得很投机。这里表示泛指,应填不定冠词;amazing以元音音素开头,故填an。6. I went to a supermarket to buy _ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday. (广东2010)【答案】a【解析】句意:我昨天去一家超市给我姨妈买了一个生日礼物。gift是可数名词,在此泛指某物,故用不定冠
5、词。2. 表示“每一”,相当于every/per。1. English people have four meals _ day, and they usually have breakfast at 7:00.【答案】a【解析】句意:英国人每天吃四顿饭,他们通常七点吃早餐。这里的a day相当于every day。2. Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _ year.【答案】a【解析】句意:据说约翰将从事一相年收入六万多美元的工作。这里的a year相当于every year。3. I watch TV for two ho
6、urs _ day.【答案】a【解析】句意:我每天看两小时电视。这里的a day相当于every day。3. 表示“一个”,相当于one。1. My sister sometimes has only _ apple for dinner because she wants to be thin. 【答案】an【解析】句意:我妹妹有时晚餐只吃一个苹果,因为她想变瘦。apple是以元音音素开头的单词,前面应当用不定冠词an,表示“一个”,相当于one。1. He often watches news on TV for nearly _hour after dinner.【答案】an【解析】句
7、意:晚饭后他经常看电视近一小时。该处指“一小时”,hour以元音因素开头,故用an。4. 用于专有名词前表示“某一个”,相当于a certain;或属于某人的物品。1. _ Mr Li called you just now.【答案】a【解析】句意:刚才有位李先生给你打电话。人名前一般不用冠词,如果表示“一个名叫的人”,则前面要用不不用冠词,如果定冠词。这里,a Mr Li指“一位姓李的先生”。2. Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be _ Picasso. 【答案】a【解析】句意:专家认为,最近发现的这幅画可能出
8、自毕加索。人名前一般表示“一个名叫的人”或“人的物品”,则前面要用不定冠词。这里,a Picasso指“毕加索的一幅作品”。5. 用于序数词前表示“再一,又一”。1. He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.【答案】a【解析】句意:他失去了这次跳高的金牌,不过在跳远比赛中他还有机会。序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一(个),又一(个),a second chance意为“又一次机会”。2. He tried _ second time only to fail again.【
9、答案】a【解析】句意:他又试了一次,结果还是失败。序数词前用不定冠词表示“另一(个),又一(个),a second time意为“又一次”。6. 用于动词转化的名词前,表示一次动作。1. Lets go over and have _ look.【答案】a【解析】句意:咱们过去看看吧。have a look意为“看看”。2. Kate cant come now. She is taking _ rest in her room.【答案】a【解析】句意:凯特现在来不了,她在房间休息呢。take a rest意为“休息”。7. 用于一些固定搭配或固定短语中。这一点也是冠词常考的方面,考生应加强记
10、忆。1. As _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. (2017全国I)【答案】a【解析】句意:结果,人们会吃更多的食物来尽量弥补失去的东西。as a result是固定词组,意为“结果”。2. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. (2016全国II)【答案】a【解析】句意:走出去,锻炼锻炼,做
11、些你喜欢做的事情,让你的身体和大脑休息一会。After a while是固定词组,意为“一会”。1. In the beginning, there was only_ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always thinking that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today. (2013广东)【答案】a【解析】句意:一开始世界上的不公平只有一点点,但是
12、每人加一点点,而且总认为是一点点,没关系,那看看如今我们已经到了什么样的地步?an amount of意为“一点”,修饰不可数名词。常用不定冠词的一些固定搭配:do a translation 翻译have a good time 玩得痛快have a try 尝试,努力have a break/rest 休息lend a hand 帮忙make an appointment 约会make an arrangement 安排make a decision 做出决定make a demand 提出要求make a difference 有影响,起作用,与众不同make a face 做鬼脸mak
13、e a discovery 发现make a preparation 做准备make a fire 生火make an effort 努力make an excuse 找借口make a fortune 碰运气make a mistake 犯错误make a profit 获利make a journey 旅行make a living 谋生make a gesture 打手势make a request 提出要求make a speech 做演讲 take a seat 就坐take an exam 参加考试take a photo 照相take/give a glance at 对粗略看一下take a walk/rest/break/bath 散步/休息/洗澡take an interest in 在有兴趣take a chance 冒险,投机keep an eye on 时刻提防; 照看play a rule/part in 在中起作用/扮演角色as a matter