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3、在中国文学史上，有很多系统而全面地阐述教育教学的优秀文章，如劝学师说等。今天我们要学习儒家的论礼丛书礼记中的学记礼运篇。我们今天学的内容是从全文中节选出的。,礼记是十三经之一，与周礼仪礼全称为三礼。儒家经典著作之一。 礼记全书用记叙文的形式写成，一些篇章具有相当高的文学价值。有的用短小的生动故事表明某一道理，有的气势磅礴、结构谨严，有的言简意赅、意味隽永，有的擅长心理描写和刻画，书中还收有大量富有哲理的格言、警句，精辟而深刻。,虽有嘉肴,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
4、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
5、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,本文选自礼记学记。题目是编者加的。学记是礼记中的一篇，是中国教育史上，也是世界教育史上第一部教育学的论著。文字言简意赅，喻辞生动，系统而全面地阐明了教育的目的
6、及作用，教育和教学的制度、原则和方法，教师的地位和作用，教育过程中的师生关系以及同学之间的关系。课文主要是谈关于“教学相长”的道理的。,嘉肴（ ） 弗食（ ） 自强（ ） 教学相长（ ） 兑命（ ） 学（ ）学（ ）半,yo,qin,yu,xio,f,zhn,xu,通假字,兑命曰 （同“说”，指的是殷商时的贤相傅说）,yu,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
7、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
8、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,古今异义,1.虽有嘉肴 （古义：即使 今义：虽然） 2.不知其旨也 （古义：味美 今义：主旨） 3.教然后知困 （古义：困惑 今义：穷苦，艰难）,4.然后能自强也 （古义：竭力，尽力 今义：健壮的，有力的） 5.教学相长也 （古义：促进，提高 今义：增长）,一词多义,学学半
9、（ ）,学学半（ ）,不知其旨也（ ）,其此之谓乎（ ）,动词，教导,动词，学习,代词，它的,副词，表示推测,是非君子之道 （ ）,是故学然后知不足（ ）,近指代词，相当于“这”“此”,“是故”“是以”连用，相当于所以、因此等,惟读书是务（ ）,助词，用在句中，起到强调宾语的作用，不必译出,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
10、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
11、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,倒装句： 其此之谓乎。 （“之谓”是文言文中一种比较固定的用法，是将宾语提前的倒装句，译为“说的是”。作用：宾语用代词“之”复指一下，强调宾语。）,文言句式,虽有嘉肴，弗食，不知其旨也；虽有至道，弗学，不知其善也。,指有骨头的肉,指味美,最好的道理,好,类比论证：类比亲身学习的重要性。,是故学然后知不足，教
12、然后知困。知不足，然后能自反也；知困，然后能自强也。故曰：教学相长也。,所以,困惑,自我反思,自己鼓励自己,教与学是互相推动、互相促进的,教与学的关系：教学相长,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
13、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
14、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,兑命曰“学学半”，其此之谓乎！,尚书中的一篇,教别人，占自己学习的一半,表示猜测,引用论证：进一步强调教学相长的关系。,试用自己的话翻译全文。,即使有鲜美的菜肴摆在那里，如果不吃，就不能知道它的味美；虽然有最好的道理（最好的义理），如果不去学习，也不能知道它的美好可贵。所以深入学习之后才知道自己知识的贫乏，教育别人之后才发现自己学识上的困惑。知道自己知识不够，然后才能自我,反省，努力向学；知道有困惑，然后才能自我勉励，发愤图强。所以说
15、：教与学相互发生作用，教育别人，也能增长自己的学问。尚书兑命说：“教育别人，能收到一半学习的效果。”就是这个意思。,1.虽有嘉肴一文主要论述了什么道理？作者是怎么论述的？,本文主要论述了教学相长的道理。本文在论述时先以“虽有嘉肴，弗食，不知其旨也”作比引出“虽有至道，弗学，不知其善也”进而又从教与学两个方面加以说明，最后归结到“教学相长”这个结论。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
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