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1、2020全国1卷高考英语阅读理解CD篇随文生词及翻译真题训练第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。CRace walking竞走shares manyfitness健身 benefits益处with running, research shows, whilemost likely最可能的contributing to原因 fewer更少 injuries受伤. It does, however, have itsown problem自己的问题.Race walkers arec
2、onditioned有条件的 athletes运动员.The longesttrack跟踪；踪迹andfield野外event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than themarathon马拉松. But the sports rulesrequire需要that a race walkersknees膝盖 stay straight直的through most of the legswing摆动and one footremain保持in cont
3、act(接触) with the ground at all times. Its this strange form that makes race walking such anattractive吸引力的activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, anassistant助理professor ofexercise锻炼science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking isphysically demanding身体要求, she says,Accordi
4、ng to根据mostcalculations计算, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour wouldburn燃烧about 800 calories(卡路里)per每hour, which isapproximately大约twice两次as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walk
5、ing does notpound冲击；磅the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runnershit撞击theground地面with as much as four times their bodyweight重量 per step每步,while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about times their body weight with each step.As a result因此,
6、 she says, some of theinjuries受伤 associated联系with running, such as runners knee, areuncommon不普遍的among race walkers. But the sports strangeform形式does placeconsiderable许多 stress压力on theankles脚踝 and hips臀部, so people with a history of such injuries might want to becautious谨慎inadopting采取the sport. In fa
7、ct, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably firstconsult咨询acoach教练orexperienced有经验的 racer竞走者to learnproper适当的 technique技术, she says. It takes some practice.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletesA. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to f
8、ollow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.29. What advantage does race walking have over runningA. Its more popular at the Olympics.B. Its less challenging physically.C. Its more effective in body building.D. Its less likely to cause knee injuries.30. What is Dr. Norbergs suggestio
9、n for someone trying race walkingA. Getting experts opinions. B. Having a medical checkup.C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises.31. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walkingA. Skeptical怀疑的. B. Objective反对的.C. Tolerant容忍的. D. Conservative保守的.研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多共同的健
10、身益处，但最可能的原因是减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，比马拉松长约5英里。但是这项运动的 规则要求竞走者的膝盖在大部分挥杆过程中保持笔直，一只脚保持接触。一直与地面马萨诸塞州塞勒姆州立大学的运动科学助理教授杰克琳诺伯格说，正是这种奇怪的跑步方式使得竞走成为一项很有吸引力的活动。她说，就像跑步一样，竞走对身体的要求也很高。根据大多数计算，以每小时6英里的速度运动的竞走者将消耗大约800卡路里的热量。卡路里)这大约是步行的两倍，尽管步行比跑步要少，跑步每小时可能会燃烧大约1000或更多的卡路里。然而，诺伯格博士说，竞走对身体的
11、冲击并不像跑步那么大。根据她的研究，跑步者每一步触地的重量是他们体重的4倍，而竞走者，不离开地面，每走一步只产生大约两倍体重的重量。因此，她说，一些与跑步相关的损伤，如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。但这项运动的奇特形式的确给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，所以有这类损伤史的人可能要谨慎从事这项运动。她说，事实上，任何想要尝试竞走的人都应该先咨询一下教练或有经验的选手来学习正确的技术。这需要练习。DTheconnection联系between people and plants has long been thesubject主题 of scientific research科学研究. Rec
12、ent studies have foundpositive积极的 effects影响. A studyconducted执行；进行in Youngstown, Ohio, for example,discovered发现thatgreener areas更绿色的地区of the cityexperienced体验lesscrime犯罪. In another,employeeswereshown显示to be 15% moreproductive多产的when theirworkplaces工作场所weredecorated装饰withhouseplants室内植物.Theengineers
13、工程师at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it astep further更进一步changing theactual实际的 composition构成of plantsin order to为了get them toperform表现 diverse多样性, evenunusual不寻常的 functions功能. Theseinclude包括plants that havesensors传感器 printed打印onto theirleaves叶子 to show when theyreshort of
14、缺乏water and a plant that candetect发现 harmful chemicals有害的化学物质ingroundwater地下水.Were thinking about how we can engineer plants toreplace替代functions of the things that we use every day,explained解释Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of hislatest projects最新的项目has been to make p
15、lants grow(发光) inexperiments实验using some commonvegetables蔬菜. Stranos team found that they couldcreate创造 afaint微弱的 light光for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of theamountneeded to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used tolight照亮the rooms or even to turn trees intoself-powered street lamps.In the future, the team hopes to develop aversionof the technology that can besprayedonto plant leaves in aone-off treatmentthat would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off swi
