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1、Subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood subjunctive mood,subjunctive mood,Grammar,Id rather be a sparrow than a snail. Yes I would. If I could,I surely w
2、ould.Id rather be a hammar than a nail .Yes I would.If I only could,I surely would.Away, Id rather sail away. Like a swan thats here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. He gives the world. Its saddest sound,Id rather be a forest than a street.Yes I would. If I could,I surely would. Id rather
3、 feel the earth beneath my feet, Yes I would.If I only could,I surely would.,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?,If I am free, I will visit you.,If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky.,
4、（虚拟条件句）,(真实条件句）,What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would,If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）,If I won the lottery,I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反）,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,.,If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）,If he had worked
5、hard, he would have passed the examination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。,If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.,2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。,与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,If he had got up early,he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反）,如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。,If he _ （drive) more carefully, he _ (not have) the car acci
6、dent yesterday.（与过去事实相反）,had driven,would not have had,If I _ (learn ) how to swim, I _ (be) trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反）,had learnt,would not have been,.,If I _time last night, I _ to see the film with you .,had had,would have gone,.,If I how to swim,I trapped in this island.,had learnt,would n
7、ot have been,.,If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.,.,如果我接受了他的建议，我就不会犯错误 If I had taken your advice ,I wouldnt have made the mistake. 如果我在那里，这件事就不会发生 If I had been there, it wouldnt have happened. 如果你读了我的书，你就会知道我的理论 If you had read my book, you would have known my th
8、eory 如果你参加了考试，你就会得到证书 If you had taken the exam, you would have got your certificate.,.,造句练习,If I had., I would have .,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看见我, 就会认识我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,.,If I .tomorrow, I would .,如果我明天不来，我就是在家睡觉呢 If I
9、 didnt come tomorrow, I would sleep in my home 如果我明天去看电影，我就不能去拜访你的父母了 If I went to see the film tomorrow, I wouldnt pay a visit on your parents 如果明天我喝多了，你就带我回家 If I drunk too much tomorrow, you could take me home,.,If he were to ., I would .,如果他明天告诉我实话，我就不惩罚他 If he were to tell me the truth tomorrow
10、, I would not punish him 如果他明天去旅游，我就和他一起去 If he were to travel tomorrow, I would go with him 如果他明天参加比赛，我会非常开心 If he were to join the competition tomorrow, I would be very happy,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,.,错综时间条件句,假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致情况下的虚拟语气( 错综时间条件句，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。,1. 错综时间条件句,1、If
11、+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形,If+主语+ 动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,即：If+一般过去时态 （be动词一般用were),If+主语+had +动词的过去分词,即：If+过去完成时态,主语 + would ( should / might / could )have done,主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,错综时间条件句,错综时间条件句,（4+1）,.,If you had
12、followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。） If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）,.,If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still l
13、iving in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,.,如果我是你，我就该听从他的建议。,If I were you, I would have taken his advice.,从句表示现在，主句表示过去,如果你听了我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。,从句表示过去，主句表示现在,如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。,从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行,If you had listened to me, you might not be in such troubl
14、e now.,If it hadnt been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.,.,1. 如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了 If the weather _finer, the crops _still better. 2.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里了 If you _ the teachers advice, you _ in the hospital. 3. 如果你身体状况好一些的话，我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的 If you in better health,we _ you
15、 to go there to help their work.,had been,could have allowed,would be growing,had followed,wouldnt be,were,.,2. 在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有were, had（助动词）或should时，可使用倒装结构，但if必须省略。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had等缩略成werent，shouldnt，hadnt置于句首。,.,1). Had I seen him then, I would have been very happy. = If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy. 2). Should I have time, I would go with you. = If I should have time, I would go with you. 3). Were I not so busy, I would go with you. = If I were not so busy, I would go with you.,.,2. (if省略) 倒装虚拟条件句 补充例句： 要不是 (固定句式) If it had n
