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1、Revision tips：（期中考试复习指南）Unit1 FriendshipImportant Words and Expressions重点词语和表达：*add up 合计；add v. 增加 过去式直接加-ed拓展： add up to 共计，总计为；add up 把加起来；add A to B/add A and B 把A和B加起来；add to （数量、规模）增加e.g.: The fine day added to our pleasure. We had a good time in the country. (好天气增加了我们的愉悦感，让我们在乡下过得很愉快。)*upset
2、adj.(形容词) 心烦意乱的；不安的 vt. （及物动词）过去式、过去分词(upset, upset)使不安；使心烦 upset sb.让某人不高兴e.g.: Sorry, I didnt mean to upset you. （对不起，我本不打算让你不高兴的。）*calm （使）平静；（使）镇定 calm的过去式直接加-edvi.不及物动词 calm down 平静下来vt. 及物动词 calm sb./sth down 使某人/某物平静下来e.g.: We waited inside until things calmed down.(我们在里面等着直到事情平静下来。)* be conc
3、erned about 关心；为担心e.g.: The government should be concerned about the growth of young people. （政府应该关心青少年的成长。）e.g.: Where has she gone? We are all concerned about her. (她去哪儿了呢？我们都在担心她。)* go through 经历，经受；检查；审阅；通读、浏览（文章）e.g.: Go through the passage quickly and then say what its main idea is. （迅速浏览一遍文章，
4、然后说出它的大意。）*hide away 躲藏起来 （过去式 hid away ）hide-hid-hidden v.躲*set down 相当于write down写下，记下；制定规定；司机将车停下让乘客下车 set sb. down*outdoors 在户外*be/grow crazy about 对十分狂热，痴迷；热衷于；变得对痴迷e.g.: She is crazy about dancing. （她热衷于跳舞。）* a series of 一系列*on purpose 故意地；有意地；专门地e.g.: Our teacher gives us some books to read a
5、fter class on purpose. (老师给我们一些专门在课余看的书。)*in order to 为了e.g.: In order to sleep late, he turned off the alarm clock.（为了睡懒觉，他把闹钟关掉了。）*happen to be/do碰巧e.g.: She happened to be out when I called. （我打电话给她的时候，她碰巧出去了。）*at dusk在黄昏；在傍晚e.g.: The streets lights go on at dusk. （街灯在黄昏的时候亮起来。）*face to face 面对面地
6、e.g.: He wanted to talk to his son face to face. (他想跟他儿子面对面谈谈。)*suffer from 患（病）；受.之苦；忍受*recover vi.恢复健康，痊愈；复原，恢复常态recover from 从中恢复*have (some, no, little, much, great) trouble with sth. 在方面有困难；(with后面经常是名词) e.g.: He wont / (will not) have any trouble with his work. 他在工作上没有什么困难。*have (some, no, lit
7、tle, much, great) trouble/difficulties in doing sth. 做某事有困难（介词后常跟表示动作的词的-ing形式。） Kate has some trouble in learning English. *share 分享；分担； share sth (with sb.) e.g.: She shares (in) my troubles as well as my joys.（她和我同甘共苦）与别人共用或合用（某物）share (in) sth with sb.e.g.: I shared a room with her at college. （
8、她和我在大学时是室友。）*pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱、打包*get along (well) with=get on (well) with 与相处得（好）Important Structures and Sentences重要结构及句型*get/have sth done 动词+宾语+宾语补足语e.g.: get it repaired 请人将它修好; have ones hair cut 理发; make her diary her best friend让日记成为她最好的朋友。*It is/was that强调句型，可以用来强调句中除了谓语以外的任何句子成分。这种句型抽掉
9、结构“It is/was that”剩下的句子成分也是完整的。* It/This is/was the first/second time that“某人第一次做某事”句型，that后面引导的从句用完成时。Grammar: Direct Speech and Indirect Speech（I）直接引语和间接引语（I）1） 直接引语是陈述句，变间接引语时，由连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）。间接引语多数情况下构成一个宾语从句，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。在这些变化方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，可以考虑用翻译的
10、方法确定人称、指示代词等的变换。e.g. He said to me, “ I have left my book in your room.” 他对我说：“我把书落在你的房间了。” 他告诉我 他把 （他的）书落在我的房间了。 He told me that he had left his book in my room. （时态变换havehad）2)直接引语是一般疑问句，变间接引语时，由连词whether或if来引导。多数情况下二者皆可用，但后面与or not连用时或直接引语是选择疑问句，一般只用whether。间接引语中原来的疑问语序要变为陈述语序（即主、谓、宾顺序）。e.g. He a
11、sked me, “ Do you like playing basketball?”他问我：“你喜欢打篮球吗？” He asked me if/whether I liked playing basketball. 他问我是否喜欢打篮球。3）当间接引语是特殊疑问句，变间接引语时，常将其改成由原句疑问词引导的宾语从句。疑问语序要变为陈述语序。e.g. My sister asked me, “What do you think of the film?” 我姐姐问我：“你觉得这部电影怎么样呢？”My sister asked me what I thought of the film.姐姐问我
12、觉得这部电影怎么样。注意：直接引语变间接引语，其时态要作相应变化直接引语间接引语备注时态变化一般现在时一般过去时当直接引语强调的是事实或者直接引语是客观真理、规律时，变为间接引语无须改变时态；e.g. ：. He said，“I was born in 1989.” （事实）He said that he was born in 1989. . “The sun rises in the east,” Mr. Smith said to us. （客观规律）Mr. Smith told us that the sun rises in the east. 另外，直接引语变为间接引语时，还要考虑
13、人称、时间、地点、动词等的变化。 现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时Unit2 English around the worldImportant Words and Expressions重点词语和表达：* all over/around the world 遍及全世界的*more than 超过；多于=over；不仅仅；more.than与其说不如说，更甚more or less或多或少；大体上*official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的；n.公务员；政府官员officially adv. 正式地；官方地office
14、r n.军官office n.办公室*1）because of “因为”是短语介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的名词性从句；而because 是连词，后接原因状语从句。e.g. He is absent today because he is ill. He is absent today because of his illness.他今天缺席是因为他生病了。2） because of的同义短语有due to；owing to；on account of ；thanks to；as a result of等。*比较级+than ever before “比以往任何时候更”*nati
15、ve adj.本国的，本地的，土生土长的 e.g. native English speakers以英语为母语的人*even if even though “即使，尽管”引导让步状语从句。e.g. Mr. Smith likes to help us even ifthough he is very busy.斯密斯先生很乐意帮助我们尽管他是很忙的。*come up走近，上来；（太阳、月亮）升起来；发芽；被提出e.g. Would you like to come up to my apartment?相关的come短语：come down 下来；下降come out 出来；花开；出版come about 发生come to 共计，达到come across 偶然遇到come up with 想出(计划，答案等)*actually=in fact实际上*communicate with sb. sth.与某人交流
