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1、动名词和现在分词的用法1Doing (1)【内容】(1) 动名词和现在分词(2) 现在分词与过去分词对比应用：状语， 表语， 伴随或方式， 原因，条件，让步等(3) 现在分词作定语时与定于从句之间的转化。(4) 现在分词作状语与状语从句的转化。一 动名词：【定义】 相当于名词，在句中作主语；宾语 ；表语。【构成形式】 主动： doing sth 被动： being done Having done having been done.【应用】1. 做主语。 (1)当动词短语或动词位于句首时做主语。被看作单数不可数名词。主语较长时用 it 代替主语。(2) 特殊句型。It is no use do
2、ing sth It is useless doing sthIt is no good doing sthIt is a waste of time doing sthIt is worthwhile doing sth There is no point use in doing sthThere is nothing wore than doing sth 没什么比做更糟糕的。(3) 练习一下。听到这个坏消息使他哭了起来。 开快车是非常危险的。 已经错过了早班车已经使她很担忧。 看那本书是浪费时间。 2. 作动词宾语。(1)Forbid doing sth; allow doing st
3、h ，advocate doing sth ; admit doing sth ; Advise suggest doing sth; risk doing sth; appreciate doing sth; enjoy doing sth; Envy doing sth; avoid doing sth; consider doing sth; delay doing sth; deny doing sth. Dislike doing sth; escape doing sth; excuse doing sth; finish doing sth; forgive doing sth.
4、 Understand doing sth; give up doing sth; imagine doing sth; keep doing sth; mind doing sth. Miss doing sth , practice doing sth, put off doing sth, resist doing sth; cant help doing sth; Cant stand doing sth; devote to doing sth; look forward to doing sth, stick to doing sth; be used to doing sth,
5、object to doing sth; be busy in doing sth; adapt to doing sth; be occupied in doing sth; (2)Sth need require want doing (3) allow permitforbidadvice doing sth(4) 练习The light in the office is still on. He forgot (turn) it off.Dont you remember (see)the man before?I cant bear (laugh).动名词和现在分词的用法2you w
6、ill forbid (photograph) in the park.= you will in the park.Your composition needs (correct) .= Your composition needs .做介词宾语(1) 动词 + 介词 + doing sthBe used to doing ; be related to doing; get down to doing ; be given to doing =be addicted to doing ; put ones mind to doing ; give rise to (引起); be equa
7、l to doing sth ; devote ones to doing sth ; lead to doing sth; object to doing ; look forward to doing sth; be opposed to doing sth ; stop keep prevent sb from doingh sth; protect sb from doing sth; forbid sb from doing sth; Remind sb of doing sth ; Warn sb of doing sth ; Rob sb of doing sth; inform
8、 sb of doing sth ; accuse sb of doing sth ; feel like doing sth. (2) 形容词 + 介词 +doing sth Be busy in doing ; be occupied in; be interested in ; be responsible for doing sth.(3) 主语+ have + fun pleasure a good time trouble difficulty problem in doing sth;have no hesitation in doing sth(4) what how abou
9、t doing sth (征求意见)(5)go + shopping swimming camping climbinghiking runningskating walking sightseeingdancing fishing riding jogging hunting driving boating 练习I used to (get) up late , but now I am used to (get) up early. The rain prevented us from (go) out .She objects to (marry) me.你对打篮球感兴趣吗？ 我读懂他有
10、困难。 I spent one hour (work ) out the math problem. I still remember (take ) to the shaoLin temple that day.动名词和现在分词的用法3现在分词的用法二 现在分词 doing sth 用法在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语 和 状语。作定语时与定语从句之间的转换。作状语时与状语从句之间的转换。应用于写作和句子考查。两个基本特点在时间上表示动作正在进行。在语态上表示主动。讲解与实践作定语 1.单个现在分词+ 名词或代词 ； 一般动词表示正在进行的动作。可相当于定语从句。 表心理活动的词像：tire
11、, puzzle , disappoint , satisfy. 它们的现在分词形式不表进行而表示所修饰名词的特点。【练习】翻译：a swimming person ；swimming clothes . a falling leaf ;a coming exam ; working workers .a reading room ; sleeping bag a disappointing result 令人迷惑的案件 那些感到迷惑的学生 2. 现在分词短语特点表示正在进行的动作。动词 ing 所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生。练习This is the path (通往我校的路 )。 （两个
12、动作同时发生）This is the path (定语从句翻译)20 年前他住在朝东的房间。 （两个动作同时发生）（用分词短语修饰“房间” ）（用定语从句修饰“房间” ）动名词和现在分词的用法4Tell the children (play) outside not to make too much noise. (用分词短语)（表示动作正在进行）(定语从句翻译)Tom , wearing white clothes , followed me down the hill. (把划线部分转为非限制定语从句)【非谓语动词作定语的区别】1. to do sth doing sth (动名词) do
13、ing sth (现在分词) done(过去分词)(1) 表示将来。 名词功能。 表进行或同时发生的动作。 发生在谓语之前。同时发生。完成时表发生位于谓语之前(2) 序数词+ to doAdj+est+n+ to do主语+ be + adj + to + do练习The house (build) next week is likely to be our lab.一个游泳池 The young man ( graduate ) from a good college is my cousin . (同时发生的动作)In terms of my view, He is easy (相处)。when I went to the class, I saw the boys and the girls (read)
