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1、106 冰河湾的土著居民努力保护传统Glacier Bay Natives Try to Preserve TraditionsMike OsborneGlacier Bay, Alaska22 Aug 2001 07:42 UTC In early June, two teenaged boys 1)revived a native tradition denied their people for more than 80 years by international 2)treaty. They visited a small, 3)windswept island just outsi
2、de Glacier 4)Bay named Middle Pass Rock, where they gathered three dozen sea 5)gull eggs.Recent changes to the international treaty that protects 6)migratory birds made the egg gathering legal for the first time since 1918. But United States Park Service regulations still 7)prohibit 8)subsistence fo
3、od gathering of any kind inside Glacier Bay. The local native people, the Hoonah Tlinget, are 9)pushing hard to have their subsistence rights within the park 10)restored as well in a campaign 11)fueled by a growing desperation to keep their traditional knowledge alive. Kevin Skeek is one of the nati
4、ve teens chosen to gather gull eggs on Middle Pass Island. In the Tlinget culture your uncles were supposed to educate you, because your father or your mother would be too easy on you and you wouldnt be able to survive, he said. So, like the first time going hunting. My uncle took me out and showed
5、me how to hunt and things like that and then my first time fishing he showed me how to do that. And its things like these that are 12)passed on. Like now, when my 13)nieces and 14)nephews get old enough I will teach them and teach them how to hunt and fish and, you know, certain things like that.But
6、 in Glacier Bay that cycle has been 15)disrupted. As the years pass, there are fewer and fewer native elders who remember life in the bay before federal 16)preservation. Skills, rituals and traditions normally taught by family are not being passed down and may soon be lost. Kevin Skeek had to go bac
7、k two generations to learn something about egg gathering. I was told from my grandparents exactly how to gather sea gull eggs, he said. If you look in the nest and theres one or two eggs you can take both of those because theyve just been laid and they havent been 17)incubating that long, so. But if
8、 theres three you dont know which egg was laid first or last or anything so you just leave all three eggs alone.Park Service biologists have confirmed that this tradition 18)complements the gulls 19)reproductive cycle. If followed precisely, the 20)purloined eggs are quickly replaced with a new broo
9、d. U.S. Senator from Alaska Frank Murkowski says that with nine millennia worth of experience at their disposal, the Hoonah Tlinget may have a great deal more to teach us if given the chance. They know the seasons, they know the 21)frequencies of the bird 22)migration, just like they know the moveme
10、nt of the 23)halibut, when the halibut move in and out, said Sen. Murkowski. And they, through their own 24)sensitivity, manage that resource for renewability. And these are based on the observance and participation of people who, you know, are very wary of over fishing or over gathering because it
11、would affect their children or their childrens children.The Park Service 25)mandate insists that Glacier Bay resources be preserved for future generations at all costs. Glacier Bay Park 26)Superintendent Tommie Lee seems 27)committed to granting the natives greater access to the park, but says she w
12、ants the process to move slowly to avoid making costly mistakes. Its like taking a 28)pebble and dropping it in a pond and all the ripples go out, she said. Thats an 29)impact, but not necessarily an 30)impairment. So what we need to do is not allow an impairment while still allowing some gathering
13、of food 31)stuffs that will not impair that particular resource. That itll be there for generations and generations and generations, hopefully forever.Johann Henchmen also gathered eggs back in June. He plans on a career in the U.S. Coast Guard, but hopes to return to Glacier Bay one day, raise a fa
14、mily, and continue the traditions of his people. I dont plan on staying up here very long, he said. I want to go out and experience the world and what not, but definitely I want to come back and live here. If I had a family, Im definitely going to teach them how to be able to do traditional harvest
15、or even hunt. Theres a whole lot of things out there in our culture that we can be able to do.1)reviverI5vaIvv.(使)复兴, (使)复活, 回想2)treaty5tri:tin.条约, 谈判3)windswept5windsweptadj.风刮的,暴露在风中的4)baybein.海湾, 狗吠声, 绝路t.吠, 使走投无路vi.吠5)gullQln.动 鸥, 笨人vt.欺诈, 骗, 使上当6)migratory5maIrEtErIadj.迁移的, 流浪的7)prohibitprE5hib
16、itvt.禁止, 阻止8)subsistencesEb5sIstEnsn.生存, 生活9)pushing5pJFINadj.有进取心的, 有冲劲的, 急切的10)restorerI5stC:r)vt.恢复,归还,修复11)fuelfju:Eln.燃料vt.供以燃料vi.得到燃料12)pass on v.去世, 传递13)nieceni:sn.侄女, 甥女14)nephew5nefju:, 5nevju:n.侄子, 外甥15)disruptdis5rQptv.使中断, 使分裂, 使瓦解,破坏16)preservationprizE5veiF (E)nn.保存17)incubate5inkjJbeitvt.孵卵18)complement5kCmplEmEntn.补足物vt.补助
