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1、rapid development of the market economy environment to explore public servants duty consumption monetization reform has provided a good foundation. The socialization of rear service work has been launched, and rapid progress in some places and departments, duty consumption monetization of carrier an
2、d approach to management has been resolved. Third, in recent years, exploring the monetization of duty consumption has made some progress, have gained some experience and can provide reference to the comprehensive reform of the system of public servants duty consumption further. Implementing an hone
3、st canteen, standardize official entertaining management; enhancing the telecommunication expense management; elimination of County travel and countryside subsidies; research village officials capitalization management of corporate spending, and so on. Finally, group .18 session to be held in Beijin
4、g from November 9, 2013 to 12th. 35 years ago blew the third plenary session of the reform and opening up in the spring breeze, changed, affect the world; today, 35 years later, in the eyes of the nation and the world expect, again to reform mark China, ushered in the 18 session. XI General Secretar
5、y pointed out that Chinas reform has entered a crucial period and the Sham Shui Po District, must be based on greater political courage and wisdom, lose no time in deepening reform in important fields. Dares to crack a hard nut, dares to question the Rapids, which dares to break the barrier of ideas
6、, and dare to benefit cure barriers. Deepening reform and opening up is on schedule to achieve institutional safeguards of the moderately well-off. Under the five in one the General layout of socialist modernization requirements, 18 session of the decision was a five in one and the improvement of ov
7、erall scheme of reform, will promote an integrated and coordinated economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization construction of the five reforms and the partys construction in the area of institutional reform. The five in one programme is to achieve a comprehensive reform of ins
8、titutional guarantees for objectives of build a well-off society, the smooth progress of the construction of a well-off society and reform the objectives of the programme. One, holding time and place importance on November 9, 2013 to the 18 session of the 12th Beijing since 1978, 35, have been 7 ple
9、nary session, each time on major issues of political and economic life of the country has made important deployment. In accordance with PRC political practice, often at every session of the CPC Central Committee in a plenary session was held immediately after the partys Congress, on the theme person
10、nel, discussing election Centrals top leaders, such as the election of the Standing Committee of the political Bureau, through the Central Committee members, decisions, such as members of the Central Military Commission. The second plenary session, is held in two sessions before the general election
11、, mainly to discuss a new State personnel issues. But by the third核技术应用概论复习资料概述1、什么是核技术？核技术是以核物理、核武器物理、辐射物理、放射化学、辐射化学和辐射与物质相互作用为基础，以加速器、反应堆、核武器装置、核辐射探测器和核电子学为支撑而发展起来的综合性现代技术学科。2、广义地说，核技术分为哪六大类？广义地说，核技术可分为六大类：核能利用与核武器、核分析技术、放射性示踪技术，辐射照射技术、核检测技术、核成像技术3、核能利用与核武器主要利用的什么原理，其主要应用有哪些？主要是利用核裂变和核聚变反应释放出能量的原理
12、，开发出能源或动力装置和核武器，主要应用有： 核电站、核潜艇、原子弹、氢弹和中子弹4、什么是核分析技术，其特点是什么？在痕量元素的含量和分布的分析研究中，利用核探测技术、粒子加速技术和核物理实验方法的一大类分析测试技术，统称为核分析技术。特点：1.灵敏度高。比如，可达百万分之一，即10-6，或记为1ppm；甚至可达十亿分之一，即10-9，或记为1ppb。个别的灵敏度可能更高。2.准确。3.快速。4.不破坏样品。5.样品用量极少。比如，可以少到微克数量级5、什么示放射性示踪技术，有哪几种示踪方式定义：应用放射性同位素对普通原子或分子加以标记，利用高灵敏，无干扰的放射性测量技术研究被标记物所显示的
13、性质和运动规律，揭示用其他方法不能分辨的内在联系，此技术称放射性同位素示踪技术。有三种示踪方式：1)用示踪原子标记待研究的物质，追踪其化学变化或在有机体内的运动规律。2)将示踪原子与待研究物质完全混合。3)将示踪原子加入待研究对象中，然后跟踪6、研究植物的光合作用过程是利用的核技术的哪个方面放射性示踪7、什么是核检测技术，其特点是什么？核检测技术: 是以核辐射与物质相互作用原理为基础而产生的辐射测量方法和仪器。特点：1）非接触式测量；2）环境因素影响甚无；3）无破坏性：4）易于实现多个参数同时检测和自动化测量8、辐射照射技术的定义是什么，辐射交联的聚乙烯有什么优点辐射照射技术定义：是利用射线与
14、物质的相互作用，将物质置于辐射场中，使物质的性质发生有利改变的技术。辐射交联的聚乙烯的优点：热收缩、耐热、机械强度大为提高、耐有机溶剂、不易被溶解、电绝缘性能很好，且不怕潮湿9、写出以下核技术应用中所涉及的英文缩写的中文含义：XCT NMR-CT PECT SPECT CSTXCT：X射线断层扫描(XCT)、NMR-CT：核磁共振显像仪(NMR-CT)、PECT：正电子发射显像仪 (PECT)， SPECT：同位素单光子发射显像仪 (SPECT)CST：康普顿散射显像仪 (CST)10、什么是当今产值最大、发展最快的核辐射设备核医学是当今产值最大、发展最快的核辐射设备核技术基础知识1、何谓核素
15、和同位素？具有确定质子数和中子数的原子核称作核素。质子数相同而中子数不同的核素互为同位素。2、什么是结合能，什么是比结合能？结合能是质子和中子结合构成原子核时所释放的能量。3、已知M(1H)=1.u, M(n)=1.u, M(14N)=14.u，14N的比结合能是多少MeV? M=7（M(1H) M(n)）- M(14N)，E=MC2 E比=1/14(MC2)=1/2(1.u+1.u)-1/14（14.u）*C2 =8.0254*10-3u*C2=8.0254*10-3*931.4940MeV/C2*C2=7.476MeV4、已知M(1H)=1.u, M(n)=1.u, M(2H)=2.u，求氚核的结合能和比结合能是多少MeV?E=MC2=9.31.4940*（1.+1.-2.）MeV =2.224MeV E比=1/2*E=1/2*2.224 MeV=1.112Mev5、衰变的特点？衰变特点：（1）从原子核中发射出光子（2）常常在 a 或 衰变后核子从激发态退激时发生（3）产生的射线能量不连续（4）可以通过测量光子能量来鉴定核素种类类别6、何谓半衰期？一定量的某种放射性原子核衰变至原来的一半所需要的时间7、应用14C进行考古，已知自然界中为14C/12C 1.010-12， 某生物化石中为14C/12C 3.510-15，求其死
