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1、1,Unit 9 Letter of Credit 信用证,2,9.1 Introduction（简介）,目的：掌握如何申请开立信用证、或对信用证进行修改、延期及相关的回复。 信用证（Letter of Credit）是国际贸易中最常用的支付方式，不仅适用于个别交易，也适用于系列交易。信用证的开证程序始于进口方。进口方通知开证行（Issuing Bank）开立以出口方为受益人（Beneficiary）的信用证。信用证包含进出口双方达成交易的详细内容。信用证开出后，由开证行将信用证寄给出口方所在地的通知行（Notifying Bank）。接到信用证后，银行和出口方会对信用证进行审核。根据审核无误
2、的信用证，出口方就可备货装运。装运后，出口方就可以缮制符合信用证要求的单据，再据此向议付行（Negotiation Bank）交单议付，取得货款。,3,开证申请人 （进口人）,受益人 （出口人）,通知行/议付行,付款行/开证行,贸易合同,承运人,信用证结算方式, 付款赎单,签署开证申请书, 通知备款赎单, 交单取货, 交货取单,检验真伪后通知信用证,向议付行交单议付, 审单垫款,开证行向通知行寄交信用证,议付行向开证行寄单索偿,审单偿付,信用证的基本业务程序,4,有时，进口方由于某种原因而未能按合同规定的时间开立信用证，这时，出口方应催促进口方迅速办理开证手续（Urging Establish
3、ment of L/C），特别是大宗商品或进口方要求特制的商品，更应结合备货情况及时进行催证。 催证信函的写作得讲究技巧，其目的是劝说对方给予紧密合作并履行其义务。如果催证信函措辞不当，就有可能激怒进口方，造成不愉快的后果。因此，除特殊情况外，不应在催证信函的一开始就强烈地指责对方没有履行合同，而应用礼貌的语气告诉对方货已备妥，但是相关的信用证还未开到。如果第一封信没有回音，紧接着，就要写第二封信，此时可向对方表示失望和惊讶。,5,如果出口方在审证时发现信用证条款存在与合同内容不相符的地方，这时就需要改证。改证要求一般是由出口方提出的。有时，出口方发现信用证条款需要修改也会提出改证要求。 改证
4、的一般程序是先由出口方征得进口方的同意，再由进口方向开证行申请修改信用证。出口方有时会由于某些原因，而不能在信用证规定的装运期内装运，这时出口方必须要求延长信用证的装运期和有效期。无论是信用证修改，还是信用证展期，对应信函的写作都要注意采用礼貌的语气。因为信用证的修改或展期耗时耗费，对进出口双方来说都是烦恼的事情。,6,9.2 Writing Skills（写作技巧）,催证信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：,7,In regard to,关于 In regard to your request for information, I regret to inform you that I am un
5、able to help you. 关于你需要情报的事，我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。 With regard to hardness, the diamond is in a class by itself. 讲硬度，金刚钻是独一无二的。,8,up to now,adv. 到目前为止； 至今； 迄今 Up to now hes still quiet. 他直到现在仍保持沉默。,9,10,改证或信用证展期信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：,11,12,validity,n. 有效，合法性； 效力；正确性 Some people, of course, denied the validity of a
6、ny such claim. 当然，一些人否定了此类说法的合理性。,13,9.3 Specimen Letters（样函）,Letter 1：Urging establishment of L/C Dear Sirs, Please open a credit1 of GBP30,000 with your correspondents in London in favor of2 the Universal Clothing Co, London, to be available to the Company until July 31 against a shipment of water
7、proof clothing by S.S. Cathay leaving London for Tokyo on July 24. When the consignment is shipped the Company is to draw on your correspondents at 60 d/s. The documents to accompany the draft are the bill of lading, commercial and consular invoices and insurance policy. Kindly ask your corresponden
8、ts to see that the insurance policy gives full cover before they accept the draft. Yours faithfully,14,L/C 常用搭配 covering/regarding+goods for the amount of+ amount in ones favor+beneficiary for ones account+ payer with/through+ issuing bank,15,correspondent,n. 通讯员，记者； 通信者 the BBCs political correspon
9、dent 英国广播公司的政治新闻记者,16,in ones favor 以为受益人。 指有权享有信用证的利益的人，一般指出口商。 in ones favor与in favor of 短语意思相同。 e.g. As soon as the licence is approved, an L/C will be opened in your favour. 只要许可证一批准，就开立以贵方为受益人的信用证。,17,Universal,adj. 普遍的； 通用的； 全世界的； n. 一般性 The desire to look attractive is universal. 爱美之心，人皆有之。 T
10、here are no economic universals. 没有普遍适用的经济学原理。,18,Cathay,n. （古文诗歌）中国 Have you ever taken Cathay Pacific? 你有没有搭过国泰航空公司的班机？,19,consignment,n. 装运的货物； 托运； 委托，托管 a consignment of medicines 运送的一批药物,20,accompany,陪伴；陪同 Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa. 伴随；和一起发生（或同时存在） 为（歌手或乐手）伴奏 He sang and Al
11、ice accompanied him on the piano. 他一边唱，艾丽斯一边为他钢琴伴奏。,21,Letter 2：Importer notifying L/C arrangement Dear Sirs, Re: Order No.7766 We enclose an order for 2,000 (two thousand) waterproof raincoats and have made arrangements with the Bank of Japan, Tokyo, to open a credit in your favor. The credit is va
12、lid until July 31 and will be confirmed3 to you by the Banks London office, Gresham Street, EC2P 2EB. Please draw on them at 60 d/s. It is understood that the goods will be shipped by S.S. Cathay, sailing from London on July 24.,22,Carton containing the goods should be marked S.M. The amount of our
13、credit has been fixed to provide adequate cover for your invoice, which should provide for all charges, including insurance to Tokyo. Please notify us when the goods are shipped. Yours faithfully,23,cover vi. 因为 The countrys economic problems are largely due to the weakness of the recovery. 该国的经济问题很
14、大程度上是因为复苏乏力。 2、到期的;预期的 The results are due at the end of the month. 预计月底会有结果。 Payment due 应付款项 3、应有的;应得的; I was sent a cheque for 1,525 and advised that no further pension was due. 我收到了一张 1,525 英镑的支票，并被告知我应得的养老金到此为止。,27,liberal,开明的；开通的；（个人）自由主义的 a nation of free-thinking liberals 思想开放的自由主义者的国度 They
15、favour liberal free-market policies. 他们支持开放的自由市场政策。 大量的；丰富的 As always he is liberal with his jokes. 像平时一样，他出口就是笑话。,28,Letter 4: Urging establishment of L/C Dear Sirs, With reference to the goods under our Sales Confirmation No.5354, we wish to draw your attention to the fact that the date of deliver
16、y is approaching, but we have not yet received the covering L/C to date. Please do your utmost to expedite the L/C, so that we may execute the order smoothly. In order to avoid subsequent amendment, please see to it that the L/C stipulations are in exact accordance with the terms in the Confirmation. Hope to hear favorably from you soon. Yours truly,29,deliver v. 装运 delivery n. 相关用法有： Make
