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1、高考英语语法非谓语动词不定式用法精讲不定式 1作主语不定式作主语常见的是 it 作形式主语，放在句首，将真正的主语动词不定式（短语）放在句子后面。Its easy to be wise afterthe event.Itis right to give up smoking.2作宾语I find it interesting to study history.1.直接作宾语 句型：动词（vt）+ to do解读：直接跟在一个及物动词后面作宾语。这时句子有以下两个特点：第一：句子的主语和不定式的逻辑主语是一致的，不定式的语态需看与句子主语的关系。第二：这时句子的谓语动词多是描写态度；不定式动作则
2、说明行为。经典例句：1)Nobodywants to be laughed at.2)Thiscompany refused to cooperate with us.经典例题：1.I dont want _like I m speaking iii of anybody, but the manager s plan isunfair. (2005天津卷)A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded2.I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refus
3、es _talking while she works. (2006北京卷)A.working ; stopping B. to work ; stopping C.working ; to stop D. towork ; to stop3.As a young man , I hate_ in public.A.laughed at B. to be laughed at C. to laugh at D.laughing at2.句型：某些及物动词+连词+to do解读：在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what, who , which）或连接副词（how, when, where）及连
4、词whether 后面接一个带to 的动词不定式作宾语。常见的动词有：ask,decide, explain, forget, find out , guess, imagine , know, wonder.经典例句：1)Iwonder who to invite.2)Showus what to do .3)Idont know whether to answer his letter.考点解读：不定式的语态：必须用主动形式，此时易误选为被动形式。当连接词为代词时，不定式为及物动词，且其后不加宾语。经典例题：1.Theres so much delicious food! I cant d
5、ecided_.A . what toeat B.when to eat C. how to eat D. where to eat2.Can you tell me _ on the Internet?A. how tosearch B.how search C. where can I search D. when can I search3.He told us whether _ a picnic was still under discussion. (2009四川卷)A. to have B. having C. have D. had3不定式作宾语后置：如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾
6、语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，构成句型“动词+ it +宾补（名词或形容词）+宾语to do ”。经典例句：Ithink it hard to answer the question in one go.我觉得很难一下子回答这个问题。Hefeelsitchallenging to be a marketing supervisor .经典例题：1.Using many symbols makes_to put a large amount of information on a singlemap.A.possible B. it is possi
7、ble C.it possible D. thatpossible2.The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at themeeting . (2005全国卷1)A.that B. it C. this D. him3.Asthe busiest woman in Norton, she made _her duty to look after all theother peoples affairs in that town. (2006湖南卷)A.this B. that C. one D. it4
8、.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(2006山东卷)A.that B. it C. this D. you5.The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in thatcountry. (2010辽宁卷33)A.so B. much C. that D. it6.The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell on
9、efrom the other. （2011山东卷）A. it B. them C. her D. that7.New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and ata lower cost. 【2012四川】A.that B. this C. one D. it 3作宾语补足语 He asked me to work withhim.4作定语作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应的介词。Pleasegive me a knife
10、 to cut with.但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place，way，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。Hehad no money and no place to live.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：Haveyou anything to send？(不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”)Haveyou anything to be sent？(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”)5作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件Hehurried to the scho
11、ol only to find nobody there.(结果) 句型1：形容词+to do（语言山表述为：形容词后面的动词不定式）解读1：该形容词为表示动作特点的形容词时，一般做两种成分：表语和宾补当该形容词作表语时，句子主语和不定式动词可构成逻辑上的动宾关系。当该形容词作宾补时，句子宾语和不定式动词可构成逻辑上的动宾关系。经典例句：1)Sheis very nice to talk to .2)Maryis easy to get on with.3)Ifind English difficult to speak.4)Ifind Football very interesting to
12、 watch.此句型三大考点不定式动词一般不用被动形式：（最容易出错）不定式后不能再加宾语：不定式动词所带的介词不能省略：经典例题：1.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ intosmall pieces. （2011安徽卷）A.break B. breaking C. broken D.to break2.This machine is very easy _. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.【2012辽宁】A.operating
13、B. to be operating C. operated D.to operated解读2：在本句型中，如果形容词是表示人的性格特征（如：brave, careful, clever, considerate , foolish, generous , kind ,等）或情绪感受（happy；surprised；glad；honored）的词。句子主语或宾语和不定式动词可构成逻辑上的主谓关系.经典例句：1)Hewas kind to help us .2)Theboy was careless to break the window .3)Wethink the boy careless
14、to break the window.经典例题：1.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy_ anythingthat happened to be on. 【2012全国卷II】A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched2.I feel greatly honored _ into their society. (2008北京卷)A.to welcome B. welcoming C.to be welcomed D.welcomed3.W
15、e were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition. (2010辽宁卷)A.finding B. to find C. find D. to be found4.Thedifference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2more comfortable _. （2011福建卷）A.held B. holding C. be held D.tohold句型2：不定式作目的状语，可构成句型：Todo/In order to do s
