高考英语单项填空题十大考点透视

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1、第 1 页 共 5 页高考英语单项填空题十大考点透视高考英语科有 16 个省、市、自治区单独命题,再加上三套全国卷,英语试题真可谓“百花齐放”,令人目不暇接,大饱眼福。如今高考已经尘埃落定,盘点高考英语单项填空题,可以发现考查了以下十大热点项目。 热点一 动词时态和语态 时态和语态综合应用均为考查的热点。例如,语境中时态的正确使用,主从句时态呼应和固定句式。 例 1 Why, Jack, you look so tired!(江苏卷第 23 题)Well, I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.A. was painting B.

2、will be paintingC. have painted D. have been painting解析 D 我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在,而且到明天才会完成。 例 2 Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. (四川卷第 18 题)A. will expect B. will be expectedC. expected D. were expected解析 D 不强调动作的执行者时要用被动语态,在 B 和 D 之间选择;“ 被期望” 这个动作发生在之前,所以用过去时。 热点二

3、非谓语动词的用法 特别是 V-ing 和 V-ed 形式作定语,状语,补足语以及不定式作状语,宾语补足语和不定式的省略等。 例 3 The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu,_the students to return to their classrooms. (江苏卷第 28 题)A. enabling B. having enabledC. to enable D. to have enabled解析 A enabling.为现在分词短语作状语,

4、表示他在捐献后的结果。having enabled 为现在分词完成式,表示在他捐献之前发生,不合逻辑。to enable 如果作目的状语在句首时,后面可以加也可以不加逗号;但位于句末时,前面不加逗号。如果有逗号,常用 only to 表示意想不到的结果。 例 4 Im calling to enquire about the position_in yesterdays China Daily.(北京卷第 25 题)A. advertised B. to be advertisedC. advertising D. having advertised解析 A 过去分词作定语,position

5、和 advertise 之间为被动关系;时间状语为过去。如果时间状语为将来,则选 B。 热点三 各种复合句的用法 包括名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句,主要考查其引导词的选用和语序。 例 5 The newly built caf, the walls of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. (江苏卷第 32 题)A. that B. it C. what D. which第 2 页 共 5 页解析 D 介词加关系代词引导定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙。what

6、 和 it 不能引导定语从句;that 不能放在介词后。 例 6 To improve the quality of our products, we ask for suggestions _ had used the products.(重庆卷第 25 题)A. whoever B. whoC. whichever D. which解析 A 考点为宾语从句,ask sb for sth;根据情景强调无论谁用过这些产品。 热点四动词(词组)词义辨析 主要考查常用动词或多能动词以及动词词组的辨析。 例 7 Thousands of foreigners were _ to the Shangh

7、ai World Expo the day it opened.(江苏卷第 24 题)A. attended B. attainedC. attracted D. attached解析 C 表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参观上海世博会。 attend,“参加,出席”;attain,“取得,达到”;attract,“吸引”;attach,“附上,连接”。 例 8 Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.(山东卷27 题)A. brought up B. looked upC. picked

8、up D. set up解析 C 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”pick up 表示“偶然学会”,另外还有“ 捡起; 让人乘车,搭载; 收拾,整理;重新开始”等意。bring up 表示“抚养 ,教育;提出;呕吐” 。look up 表示“向上看;( 形势)好转,改善; 查阅” 。set up 表示“建立,设置;引发,产生” 。 热点五 冠词的用法 主要考查不定冠词和定冠词的基本用法以及零冠词和固定搭配。更加突出综合语言应用能力,这完全符合新课程的理念。 例 9 The visitors here are greatly impresse

9、d by the fact that _ people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu. (江苏卷第 21 题)A. 不填; a B. 不填;theC. the; a D. the; the解析 A 第一空,来自社会各阶层的人,不属于特指,不用冠词;第二空,在 Jiangsu 前有形容词new,因此应加冠词 a,表示一个全新的江苏。 例 10 If we sit near _ front of the bus, well have _ better view. (山东卷第 22 题)A. 不填;the B. 不

10、填;aC. the;a D. the;the解析 C 本题考查冠词在具体语境中的使用。句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部,就会有更好的视野。”表示“ 某空间内部的前部” 时,front 前要加定冠词 the; have a good view 是习惯搭配,表示“视野开阔,视野良好” 之意,所以 C 项符合语境。 第 3 页 共 5 页热点六 名词的用法 主要考查名词词义辨析、固定短语和主谓一致。例 11 The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, s

11、o he has a very good _. (江苏卷第 22 题)A. expectation B. reputationC. contribution D. civilization解析 B reputation,“ 名声”;expectation,“期望”;contribution,“贡献”;civilization,“文明” 。 例 12 Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.(全国卷第 9 题)A. wear B. wearsC. has worn D.

12、have worn解析 B 当“one of + 复数名词”作主语时,动词用单数形式 ;当“one of + 复数名词” 作先行词时,定语从句动词用复数形式;当“the(only)one of + 复数名词”作先行词时 ,定语从句动词用单数形式。热点七 情态动词 主要考查情态动词表推测的用法,间或考查情态动词的各种用法。 例 13 Jack described his father, who_ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.(安徽卷第 32 题)A. would be B. would have beenC. must b

13、e D. must have been解析 D 该题考查推测用法,对现在推测用 must be/do;对现在正在进行中的动作推测用 must be doing;对过去推测用 must have done。 例 14 I _ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. (山东卷第 25 题)A. shouldnt B. needntC. couldnt D. mustnt解析 A 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“ 本来不应该做而做了某事” 用 shouldnt have done。

14、 热点八特殊句型 如省略句,强调句,倒装句等。 例 15 The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health. (浙江卷第 8 题)A. being carried out B. carrying outC. carried out D. to carry out解析 C 时间,条件或让步状语从句中的主语和主句主语相同且从句中含有 be 动词,则从句中的主语和 be 动词可以一起省略。该题中 if 后引导条件状语省略了 they are。 例 16 Johns

15、success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _ has made him what he is today. (湖南卷第 25 题)A. why B. When C. which D. that解析 D 该题考查强调句型“It is/ was .that .”,强调句子中的主语 years of hard work。 第 4 页 共 5 页热点九 虚拟语气的用法 既考查该语法的基本用法也考查在其他从句中的用法。 例 17 George is going to talk about the geograph

16、y of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture. (江苏卷第 34 题)A. focus B. focusedC. would focus D. had focused解析 B would rather 加从句应用虚拟语气。若表示与现在时间相反,用动词的过去式。 例 18 Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(福建卷第 29 题)A. not allow B. do not allowC. mustnt allow D. couldnt allow