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1、专题 3 阅读理解专题之-推理判断隐含意义题 【设问形式】 1.推理判断隐含意义题常见设问形式： 1）It can be inferred/implied from the text that_. 2）What do we know about.? 3）We can infer from. that_. 4）What does the author mean that.? . 【考查方式】 高考阅读理解隐含意义题要求考生在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义 和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息去推断出 作者没有直接表达出
2、来的深层意思。推理判断隐含意义不仅要求考生能够读懂文章中的每个句子信息，还 要求考生能够推理他们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，准确理解出文 章的言外之意，揭示文章的深层含义。 推理判断隐含意义题解题思路： 推理判断隐含意义题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并 确定可推论的依据，准确理解文中的已知部分，再结合语境和常识推论出未知部分，作者的言外之意。切 忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点，不能主观臆断。除此之外，还要注意几个误区： 原文信息的简单重复，并不是推断出来的结论。文中无关紧要或片面推出的结论。与文章内容不符 的推
3、论或相反的推论。不合常理或不合逻辑的推论。虽然符合考生的常识，但文中并没有支撑的依据 。所以考生一是要全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。二是要忠实原文，切忌脱离原 文，凭空臆断。三是注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立足由已知推断未知。 实战演练 【例题】 例题 1： 2016 全国 1 A You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the m
4、ost important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区 )by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in
5、need. In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it weren t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of c
6、hemicals on humans and on the world s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O Connor(1930-present) When Sandra Day O Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员 ) and ,in 1981, the fi
7、rst woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913-2005) On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in
8、 prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil- rights movement. “ The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.31 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are tru
9、ly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. 解析： C推理判断题。 根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先 驱。故选C。 例题 2：2016 全国 2 B Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a sma
10、ll set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said: “ Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes todayand 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.” A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructio
11、ns and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.
12、I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect( 感染 ) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing t
13、hose students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “ But I m just not creative.” “ Do you dream at night when you re asleep?” “ Oh, sure.” “ So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in
14、 a time machine or growing three heads. “ That s pretty creative. Who does that for you?” “ Nobody. I do it.” “ Really at night, when you re asleep?” “ Sure. ” “ Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?” 6. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. He liked to help his teacher.
15、B. He preferred to study alone. C. He was active in class. D. He was imaginative. 解析： D 推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满 了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三段倒数第二句“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work ”说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故D项正确。 【举一反三】 A Army Spc. Lauren Jahn gets emotional when talking about i
16、t recalling the time she saw an American flag flying outsi de her hospital room and couldn t stand to salute it. It really hurt, Jahn says, referring to both the physical and mental pain she was going through. All of the hopes and dreams I had, it takes a while to realize that they re gone. Just a few months before that moment in the hospital, Jahn had joined the U.S. Army. She d made it through basic training mostly uns
