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1、 分类号学号 M201174147学校代码10487密级硕士学位论文现代汉语隐比句及其对外汉语教学学位申请人 ：张 瑶学 科 专 业 ：汉语国际教育指 导 教 师 ：何洪峰 教授答 辩 日 期 ：2013.6.2 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Master of ArtConnotative comparative construction in modernChinese and teaching Chinese as a foreign languageCandi
2、date : Zhang Yao Major : Teaching Chinese to speakers of other Language Supervisor : Prof. He Hongfeng Huazhong University of Science & TechnologyWuhan 430074, P. R. ChinaJune, 2013 独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知，除文中已经标明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式
3、标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名：日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，即：学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。保密，在年解密后适用本授权书。本论文属于不保密。（请在以上方框内打“”）学位论文作者签名：指导教师签名：日期：年月日日期：年月日 摘要比较句中除了出现比较词的显性比较句之外，还有不出现比较客体和比较词的隐性比较句。本文根据北京
4、大学现代汉语语料库、 HSK动态作文语料库、以及教材中出现的隐比句为基础，对其类型进行总结归纳。以认知语言学和中介语理论为基础，分析其语义、认知特征。同时归纳留学生使用时的偏误类型，探讨出现偏误的原因，并提出相关建议以更好地指导教学。本文主要由六个部分组成。第一章为引言，主要梳理比较句和隐比句的研究现状。说明研究的创新点、研究方法和理论基础。第二章分析隐比句的结构：“XA些”式、“X更A”式、“越X越Y”式、“一XA过一X”式四个结构类型。第三章分析隐比句的语义特征。分别探讨了隐比句四个结构类型的语义特征，并且分析了各个句式的语用限制，同时进行了语义分类。第四章分析隐比句的认知特征，包括认知图
5、像和扫描方式。隐比句隐去了前景和观察点，主要有综合扫描和顺序扫描两种方式。第五章梳理隐比句的偏误：“XA些”式、“X更A”式在“比”字句中偏误较多；“越来越Y”有五大偏误类型。这些偏误出现的原因主要是：母语负迁移、目的语负迁移和客观环境影响。第六章针对出现的偏误，提出了对教师的建议。教师除了知识的储备，还需有针对性地进行授课；在强调句式完整性的同时，注重使用语境教学法；也可以尝试将语义特征带入教学。最后对文章进行总结，提出不足和今后可努力的方向。关键词：隐比句、结构类型、语义特征、认知特征、对外汉语教学I Abstract Comparative sentences consist of no
6、t only dominant comparative sentences withcomparative item, but also recessive comparative sentences, in which the object andcomparative items are invisible. According to connotative comparative constructionappearing in Modern corpus of Peking University, HSK dynamic composition corpus,and textbooks
7、, this paper summarizes the typical types of connotative comparativeconstruction. Based on the interlanguage theory and cognitive linguistics, the paper takesanalysis of its semantic and cognitive characteristics. At the same time, summarizes thetypes of errors that the oversea students probably mak
8、e when they use connotativecomparative construction, explore the reasons, and put forward some related Suggestionsfor better teaching.This paper consists of six parts. First chapter is introduction, which mainly presentsthe current status of comparative sentences and connotative comparative construc
9、tion，states the research innovations, research methods and theoretical basis.chapter two analyzes the structures of connotative comparative construction: XAxie type, X geng A type, yue X yueY type, yi XA guo yi X type four structuraltypes.The third chapter takes analysis of the semantic features of
10、connotative comparativeconstruction. Discusses the semantic features of four structure types, analyzes thepragmatic constraints of each structure type, and classifies the semantics.The fourth chapter analyzes the cognitive features of connotative comparativeconstruction, including cognitive image an
11、d scanning mode. The foreground andobservation points are hidden in connotative comparative construction. There are mainlytwo canning modes: comprehensive scanning and sequential scans.II Fifth chapter presents the error that the oversea students usually make: XA xie type, X geng A type have more er
12、rors in bi comparative construction; yue lai yueYhas five types of errors. These errors mainly caused by negative transfer of motherlanguages, negative transfer of target languages, and objective environmental impact.Chapter six puts forward some suggestions for the teachers, interms of the errors.
13、Inaddition to the linguistic knowledge, teachers still need to be targeted to teach; emphasisthe integrity of the sentence structure, meanwhile, pay attention to use the contextteaching method; try to illustrate the semantic characteristics in teaching.Finally, summarize the key points of the paper, put forward the deficiencies and thefuture direction.Keywords：connotative comparative construction，structure type, semantic characteristics,cognitive characteristics, teaching Chinese as a foreign languageIII 目录摘要. IAbstract.II1引言1.1研究现状综述.51.2研究意义及相关理论 .
