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1、高二上学期期中考试（二）英语考试时间：100分钟；总分：120分注意事项：1答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWe often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy
2、 from the brain. So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently leads to bodily hunger, and even though there has been little physical movement, we eat.The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐)circulati
3、ng in the blood and increases blood flow to the head.Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuelrich blood during exercise could feed a wornout brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirtyeight healthy college students were invited to determine
4、 their fitness and metabolic(新陈代谢)rates and to report what their favorite pizza was. Afterward, they sat quietly for 35 minutes before being given as much of their favorite pizza as they wanted. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes making selections from college and graduate
5、school entrance exams.Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill(跑步机)two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. These students were then
6、allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large, they did not overeat.When the researchers factored in(将作为因素考虑)the calories burnt on running, they determined that those students actually consumed 200 fewer total calories after their brain workouts than the resting students.The researchers do not kn
7、ow if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running, although the researchers say they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feedi
8、ng the brain and weakening hungers call.1What do we learn from the first paragraph?AWe eat for more physical movements.BA busy brain can make one hungry.CEnergy from the brain cant be used up.DAn exam results in caloric consumption most.2What can a physical movement do?AIncrease blood flow.BIncrease
9、 the amount of blood sugar.CUrge one to eat more.DMake the brain tired.3What does the underlined phrase “gorge on” in Paragraph 5 mean?AEat.BPurchase.CTaste.DObtain.BLearning, Fast and DeepOver the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology wo
10、rld. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.The standard route int
11、o these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of Americas top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.That is changing.Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked o
12、ff the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100,000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creat
13、ing software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast.ais course can be completed in just seven weeks.To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fas
14、t.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. “No. Greek. Letters,” Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dan
15、gerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computerholics with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up
16、 to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a differentkind.4What can we learn about deep learning?AIt replaces artificial intelligence.BIt attracts rock stars to practice.CIt scans patterns for large co
