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1、Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars单词拼写应用核心单词1atmosphere n大气层；气氛2solar adj.太阳的；日光的3thus adv.因此；于是4gentle adj.温和的；文雅的5climate n气候6crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落7pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n漂浮物9system n系统；体系；制度10theory n学说；理论语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1A truck went out of control and crashed (cras
2、h) into the back of a bus.2He found something floating (float) on the lake，which frightened him.3However，he was the gentlest (gentle) man I have ever known.4When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled (pull) up a chair.5(2017全国卷)We are looking at the benefits of systems (system) which control
3、their speed as a way of preventing that.拓展单词1globe n球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球性的；全世界的2violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence n暴力violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地3like vt.喜欢 prep.像dislike vt.不喜欢；讨厌likely adj.可能的unlike prep.与不同；不像4harm n& vt.伤害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的5exist vi.存在；生存existence n存在；生存6puzzle vt.& vi. (使
4、)迷惑；(使)为难 n谜；难题puzzled adj.感到困惑的puzzling adj.令人困惑的7religion n宗教；宗教信仰religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8biology n生物学biologist n生物学家9react v反应reaction n反应；回应语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1There was a puzzled look on the little girls face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle) 2Last night we had a discussion，whic
5、h became more and more violent.Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent) 3Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health，but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm)4He oft
6、en says that he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religious freedom.(religion)5Unlike me，my younger brother，a tall and strong young man，likes playing basketball very much.It is likely that he will become a Yao Ming in the future.(like)阅读词汇1fundamental adj.基本的；基础的2chain
7、n链子；连锁；锁链3acid n酸4multiply v乘；增加5gravity n万有引力；重力6exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽7satellite n卫星；人造卫星8spaceship n宇宙飞船9astronomy n天文学10carbon n碳拓展联想1un前缀高频形容词集锦unlike不像的unfair 不公平的unimportant 不重要的unusual 不寻常的unhappy 不幸福的unfortunate 不幸运的unnecessary不需要的2.以ful 结尾的形容词harmful 有害的useful 有用的helpful 有帮助的powerful 强大的ca
8、reful 小心的forgetful健忘的sorrowful悲伤的3.后缀ist名词荟萃biologist生物学家tourist 旅游者；游客physicist 物理学家scientist 科学家psychologist 心理学家specialist专家artist艺术家熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1(2017浙江卷)Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now. 停车2As
9、we know，Japan，made up of a chain of islands that lie off the coast of Asia，is a country where natural disasters occur frequently.一系列；一连串3Small businesses are finding it hard to survive in the present economic climate. 环境短语多维应用高频短语1in time及时；终于2prevent .from 阻止；制止3now that 既然4cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋5lay e
10、ggs 下蛋6give birth to 产生；分娩语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。Now that we all understand that the haze is harmful to our health，we should take effective measures to prevent it from getting from bad to worse.No matter what happens，we must cheer up and try to reduce the pollution.If we keep on，well succeed in time.7in
11、ones turn 轮到某人8watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防9depend on 依靠；取决于10break out 突发；爆发11block out 挡住(光线)12get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解13at midnight 在午夜语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。A fire broke out in the building last night.Luckily，the firefighters arrived in time and put out the fire.We were warned to watch out for electricit
12、y and gas when cooking our meals.Thanks to the firefighters help，we were not injured.They are the men that we can depend on when we are in trouble.拓展联想1表达“小心；当心”的高频短语荟萃watch out (for) 小心；当心look out 当心take care 小心be careful 小心2“v.from”表“阻止，禁止”短语discourage sb.from doing sth.stop/prevent sb.from doing
13、sth.ban sb.from doing sth.keep sb.from doing sth.句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.whether.or not 是否。The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.他们是否能够通过交流达成协议还不清楚。Its not clear whether they are able to arrive at an agreement through communication or not.2.make it adj.to
14、do sth.。This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.我精通英语，这使我更容易找到一份好工作。I have a good command of English，which makes it easier for me to find a good job.3.倍数as形容词/副词原级as。But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.我付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍多，所以我相信我这次能成功。I devoted three times as much time and energy as I did before，so I believe I will succeed this time.4.形容词作伴随状语。We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.他在风雪中待了七天，又冷又饿。He spent seven days in the wind and snow，
