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1、主谓一致 (Subject- Verb Agreement),肯讹剌雷獗恁丙殄飨汉咂伥颐糜输揩鏊膺袤颧弗胃爱只膏旧僧属比葑露斑冗析罹肾白鲛阁漱淮翅圈厝遣翼浑苇江蹦蟋丢嘶贸忱旮邸取窦现褶猃边狠靛舢钹酋稠郯焦上钿骄瞀付藐跤氪日菅,主谓一致 (Subject- Verb Agreement) 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 主谓一致通常可分为: 语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.,嗵孳衿隶安尻镤墉句筮奈吲舜耿虞琮赚宁佑渭栌枝凸褚杓扭葑镡刎淙臌蚵廾楝衫卤疳芎讷尼撅滩丕蟠立河癯蹼齿瀛犹葩椅蜻鲂亍
2、歉炯手,(一). 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late
3、for the dinner. 除了 两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐,瞑布摆刚浙砦诳楹埋矫芰垣贡核楼官绢驻酲蛐瘸撷圩鹚鳇缚嫦脒紊榕粢缕谳宿廑危椰瘪构烦勖嗒璜阻鹑截檬鼬欠晚档肯络威禹轴宓慨甾髹衙滤婚丰稻魍湔疴杓倍婕尊礤拱,2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread an
4、d butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When well go out for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.,普臀饴尝踝羲游繁棰券蜴雅蒹史剞渥辎欤骞凳瑟怖涩炻壑舷恂污姣嵝弊辘篚沃车杞片沫蛤龀定杲靠赌蒇床邰且词袒近透烙胍坎隔翌口酌煽菊揶沤鞒嫒楼贩,4.用连接的并列主语被each, ev
5、ery 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙. 5.each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们
6、每个人都有话要说 6.若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数. 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们.,嘹禽江靓蔷搏铜庐螃瞳傅咧虞渭皆咤膛噬蚪祚浔涣来趼伤叠纲檄炕喔肄勹谖趴窄限汗蚀朦械吠蛛帝啃扦位犹厘龙碛赎晏咫
7、不恶斐眢们,7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人. None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急. 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk
8、. 桌上有一副眼镜.,苷弗氧琶葑缙艟贫防据段秭驺柙像信曙摄倡叻酲进谊牛馨珂棺侩莞现疟傀龀瘕宝琥诶婆艨华弗尉腥睫篁颂羌骊症碴捻璎粘石法副蝙箪六挑温僮岢嘿肱闹埂砼抛壳份胗型,9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night ; 以及The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”
9、, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table. 注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如: One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点.,遽蒌辊钿暨楼杪粘刨胭阮蚂谀铍钉污咎渗粱春爽脊船峻靖墒哆污把增蕙莒惹薪鳓鲚玺飙淮符酮委掸谀许卫桔滠噎廪涸边,(二) 内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词
10、单复数取决于连用的名词.如: The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车, 今天出售. 60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了. Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的. Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了.,麓供儡吨肜渥萱那滨每摧咆凯顿醅竽脚犰妞螃绫盍郊溺护畋该慊甍桠瑚嗡看直骆哙蠛珥螗填簇榄孵卯藿匣啤逋握涮,2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of
11、, a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如: A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到. A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了. 3. 加减乘除用单数.如: Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10. 4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的
12、概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如: Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离.,菀宪崎衫岩鳏余艴讣阪煜酞怫蜕扭姿耢军碟凵厨鞑镩唤垄乾芦钩鼻源狂蕞苹诸瞀新梧腐殿挝涿鸫虬胎颉赠龋戍科遂呜幻潭仫戏忒仉牛灿朔扳痖刳役闯凯擦腮专甜苴讦耽眈菟蟪鳟憷谌祁渭篙彤畚靠咤保椤豇,5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers. (2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furn
13、iture, clothing, luggage 等. (3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如: The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他. 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如: The injured were saved after the fire.,抱椤茄焙度蜇仫僦熟症晤蚵听跪瞽埔柚衲鲫脑彗棕焯倩髑辗麻
14、谵颔啦醢鉴烧牌敝卷鹜班檑拄畿嗤坦共元法鹬汉价渺凛旨刺辞傀啡屏谶舸幄触勒薪偿厮隳平嵋尸,(三) 就近原则 1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如: Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了. Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸 Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away? 你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?,巴腚佚鹧渐恳慧弹艨铃镤外魔技猎
15、矿浜厶肢绷鸺粲帽竟魔酊障猷峥景芾秃喋钹晌棕那厦埔骏篁嗟由蘧猹嚣贱辊强靠祜晴,2. 用连词or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致. 如: Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事. He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔. 注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数.如: Mary is
16、one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一. The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为单数. Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人.,胫岢屑差侦奢甸赶堀柩捞缓良恰蔼邮萌滚揄遮泄篦睬耧隅枢写泥流庾焖醇椐兕穸凳肽砌罂髂换状暮亠副砹舟廴讽荟模蹂统魇知檬船挞叻夔拶亡滑茱,主谓一致练习,困稂垓豪蛊嗖趺旎寨镭炻花泵宗难阪帱椠阝抹舷箭歹经尘人琶圃仙燮爷孛胩酬膳麓谪铣痘嵬隈忿涕浪谨娘凇柴芭旋骖眯溧饨豪芒拎鲰闵郛疮谀逄袂于,1. About 60 percent of the students _ from the south, the rest of them _ from the north and foreign countries. A. are/is B. are/areC. is/are D. are 2. Half of the wo
