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1、回延安,贺敬之,学习目标,1、了解有关诗人的文学常识及“信天游”的特点；（重点） 2、深入理解诗歌内容，理解诗歌的叙事线索和感情线索，学习比兴手法在诗歌中的运用； 3、感受诗人热爱革命圣地延安，热爱革命事业和革命人民的思想感情，培养爱家爱国的思想感情。,作者简介,贺敬之，1924年生于山东省峄县。40年代开始诗歌创作，已出版放歌集、雷锋之歌、贺敬之诗选、回答今日的世界等诗集。 1945年在集体创作著名歌剧白毛女中 担任执笔，此剧1951年荣获斯大林文学奖。 80年代任中华人民共 和国文化部部长。,“信天游”简介,信天游，也叫“顺天游”，流行于陕北的一种民歌，两行一节，上下句押韵，一节一韵，诗行
2、错落有致，读来高亢悠远。有的一节表达一个简单独立的意思，有的几节构成一组，表达比较复杂的意思。信天游形式自由，常用来抒情、亦可叙事。注意运用比兴手法，贴切、自然，增强了诗的音乐性；联想丰富，感情深切。,背景链接,回延安是贺敬之1956年从北京重回阔别十年之久的延安，参加西北五省（区）青年造林大会后写的。在大会期间，作者受到延安人民的热烈欢迎，也看到延安的巨大变化，激起昂扬的诗情，萌生了创作冲动，写下了诗作回延安和散文重回母亲的怀抱回延安。,读准字音,心窝w 白羊肚d 手巾 羊羔go 糜mi子 一盏zhn 盏电灯 脑畔pn 枣zo园 米酒油馍m 宝塔t山 杨家岭lng,学习字词,盏zhn量词，用
3、于灯。 登时dng sh 立刻。 糜子mi z一种形状像小米，没有粘性的黍类谷物。 油膜yu m油炸的黍米面饼。 脑畔 no pn脑边。文中指窑洞的顶上。 眼眶yn kung眼的四周。,有感情地朗读课文，并分别用一两句话概括这5个小节的主要内容。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
4、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
5、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（1）回延安抒写久别之情激动、喜悦 （2）忆延安追忆战斗生活感激、怀念 （3）话延安描绘热闹场景真挚、兴奋 （4）看延安记录崭新面貌欣喜、豪迈 （5）祝延安歌颂光辉历史 憧憬美好征程赞美、热爱,课文精讲,心口呀莫要这么厉害地跳，灰尘呀莫把我眼睛挡住了 手抓黄土我不放，紧紧儿贴在心窝上。 几回回梦里回延安，双手搂定宝塔山。 千声万声呼唤你，母亲延安就在
6、这里！,杜甫川唱来柳林铺笑，红旗飘飘把手招。 白羊肚手巾红腰带，亲人们迎过延河来。 满心话登时说不出来，一头扑在亲人怀,回延安抒写久别重逢的激动和喜悦,几回回梦里回延安，双手搂定宝塔山。,宝塔山是革命圣地延安的重要标志和象征。登山凭眺，可纵观圣地全貌。“只有登上宝塔山，才算真正到了延安”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
7、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
8、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,千声万声呼唤你， 母亲延安就在这里！,白羊肚手巾红腰带，亲人们迎过延河来。,作者离别延安已达10年之久，日日夜夜都想念她。现在回来看望她，正所谓“近乡情更切”，越是接近，心情越是激动。但作者却说“心口呀莫要这么厉害地跳”，反衬出非同一般的兴奋心情。一开头便淋漓尽致地表现了想尽快看到延安的心情。展示出作者心潮
9、翻滚、思绪万千的内心世界。这是一种深沉的爱和眷恋的表现。这一小节新颖地写出作者临近延安时难以抑制的激动心情.,体会作者在这一节中是如何通过一系列动词表现情感的？,一“抓”一“贴”逼真的动作，表现了诗人见到延安时的激动情景。而“双手搂定宝塔山”中的一个“搂”字，则写尽了作者对延安的怀念之情。“唱”“笑”“招”更有拟人的色彩，渲染了欢乐的气氛。最后一个“扑”字，则更加洗练，表情达意更加强烈、准确。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
10、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
11、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,二十里铺送过柳林铺迎，分别十年又回家中。 树梢树枝树根根，亲山亲水有亲人。 羊羔羔吃奶眼望着妈,小米饭养活我长大。,比兴手法,比以彼物比此物也；“兴”者，起也，取譬引类，起发己心；兴先从别的事物引起所咏
12、之物，以为寄托。委婉含蓄，寓意深远，文已尽而意有余。,比兴手法,东山的糜子西山的谷，肩膀上的红旗手中的书。 手把手儿教会了我，母亲打发我们过黄河。 革命的道路千万里，天南海北想着你,火热的战斗和学习的生活,党的培育之恩,对母亲延安的怀念和感激,忆延安追忆当年延安的战斗生活,米酒油馍木炭火，团团围定炕上坐。 满窑里围得不透风，脑畔上还响着脚步声。 老爷爷进门气喘得紧：“我梦见鸡毛信来可真见亲人” 亲人见了亲人面，欢喜的眼泪眼眶里转。 保卫延安你们费了心，白头发添了几根根。,选择有陕北地方特色的事物，渲染气氛。,亲人欢聚的热烈场面,团支书又领进社主任，当年的放羊娃如今长成人。 白生生的窗纸红窗花，
13、娃娃们争抢来把手拉。 一口口的米酒千万句话,长江大河起浪花。 十年来革命大发展，说不尽这三千六百天,欢聚一堂，共叙新旧岁月。,比喻、夸张,滔滔不绝、唾沫横飞的热烈。,话延安描绘见到亲人的热烈场景,白生生的窗纸红窗花， 娃娃们争抢来把手拉。,（渲染）,千万条腿来千万只眼，也不够我走来也不够我看！ 头顶着蓝天大明镜，延安城照在我心中：,夸张，表明变化之大，看也看不过来,承上两句，从镜中看延安，一览无遗,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
14、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
15、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一条条街道宽又平，一座座楼房披彩虹； 一盏盏电灯亮又明，一排排绿树迎春风 对照过去我认不出了你， 母亲延安换新衣。,排比，十分有气势，描绘出延安10年来的变化,拟人，形象鲜明可爱,延安旧貌换新颜,看
16、延安描画延安城的崭新面貌,杨家岭的红旗啊高高地飘， 革命万里起高潮！,从延安向全国扩展的大好革命形势,杨家岭革命旧址,枣园的灯光照人心， 延河滚滚喊“前进”！,回顾延安历史，延安人民前赴后继，似滚滚延河水不断向前,枣园毛泽东旧居,身长翅膀吧脚生云，再回延安看母亲！,夸张的手法，再次抒发了对延安母亲的眷念之情。,祝延安歌颂延安的光辉历史，展示继续革命的征程,1.诗人写作这首诗抒发思乡感情的线索是什么？,深入探究,全诗以诗人离别10年后重返延安的激动心情为线索。,2.概括诗人是如何在诗中抒发感情的？,在抒情方式上，既有直接倾吐，又有间接抒情，或用动词，或描写，使感情抒发既酣畅淋漓，又生动形象，具有很强的感染力。,作品中思想感情一步步升华。诗人踏上延安的土地、见到延安的亲人，从“手抓黄土我不放，紧紧儿贴在心窝上”“一头扑在亲人怀”等诗句看出，诗人产生的是激动、喜悦的感情；诗人回忆延安对自己的养育，描写和延安亲人欢聚畅谈的情景及看到延安的新面貌之后，爱延安、爱革命、爱人民的感情达到了高潮；当诗人又要离别延安
