《(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修5 Unit 3 能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(译林版)2020版高考英语一轮习第1部分：语言知识 必修5 Unit 3 能力提升题组训练（B）(含解析)（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、能力提升题组训练(B).阅读理解AThe meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable;
2、therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chine
3、se and Thai persons do.Therefore,when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops,what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in
4、 other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when inst
5、ructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possib
6、le meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the h
7、ealing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger. B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the followi
8、ng people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese. B.The French.C.The Mexicans. D.The Russians.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients. D.Make use of
9、its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and Silence B.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native Americans D.Speech Is Silver;Silence Is Gold语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下具有不同的内涵。答案及剖析:1.C推理判断题。根据第一段内容,尤其是第一句The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups可知,人们在交流时
10、,沉默是有文化特性的。故选C项。2.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people,just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.及最后一句In these cultures,silence is a call for reflection.内容可知选A项。3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句A nurse who understands the healing(治
11、愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.可知选D项。4.B主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间沉默的不同含义。因此B项适合作为本文的标题。BBioengineers at the University of California,San Diego have developed a new blood test that could detect(探测) cancer and loc
12、ate where in the body the tumor is growing.The study could provide a way to diagnose(诊断) cancer early on without having to do invasive surgical procedures like biopsies(活组织检查).Cancer blood tests work by screening for DNA released by dying tumor cells.These tests are showing promise for detecting tra
13、ces of tumor DNA in the blood of cancer patients.However,the results dont indicate where the tumor is.“Knowing the tumors location is critical for effective early detection,”said Kun Zhang,a bioengineering professor and senior author of the study.In this study,Zhang and his team discovered a new clu
14、e in blood that could both detect tumor cells and identify where they are.When a tumor starts to take over a part of the body,it competes with normal cells for nutrients and space,killing them off in the process.As normal cells die,they release their DNA into the bloodstreamand that DNA could identi
15、fy the affected tissue.The method screens for a particular DNA signature called CpG methylation haplotypes.Each tissue in the body can be identified by its unique signature of methylation haplotypes.“We made this discovery by accident.Initially,we were taking the conventional approach and just looki
16、ng for cancer cell signals and trying to find out where they were coming from.But we were also seeing signals from other cells and realized that if we integrate both sets of signals together,we could actually determine the presence or absence of a tumor,and where the tumor is growing,”Zhang said.To develop their new method,the researchers put together a database of the comp
