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1、1 状语从句用法详解状语从句用法详解 在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句。在主从复合句中修饰主句的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫状语从句。 一一 时间状语从句时间状语从句：起时间状语作用的从句。：起时间状语作用的从句。when, while, as, after, before, until/till, since, as soon as, immediately, the moment, every time, whenever 等。等。 1. when, while, as 1) when“当当.的时候的时候”，表示主从句的谓语动作同时发生或先后紧接着发生。，表示主
2、从句的谓语动作同时发生或先后紧接着发生。 I was very happy when I heard from you. When you deal with them, you should be cautious. When I was young, I went to town myself. （延续性动词） When the fire broke out, all the students were sleeping soundly.（非延续性动词） As a young man（=When he was a young man）, he was fond of hunting. 2）
3、while 引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，侧 重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，侧 重主句动作和从句动作相对比。 My father was preparing a report while I was playing games. Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 3) while 意为“虽然意为“虽然,尽管”尽管”,还能引导让步状语从句还能引导让步状语从句. While it was late, he went on working.
4、 （虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作.） While he is in poor health, he works hard. （虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作.） 4）连接两个并列句子）连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系表示“对比”关系.例如：例如： He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. 他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里.） I like singing while she likes dancing. （我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞.） You like sports, while I prefer music. 5）as 表示从句和主句的两
5、个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译为表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译为“一边一边.，一边，一边.” 或或“随着随着.”。 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer. 注意：如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时 间内正在进行的动作， 注意：如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时 间内正在进行的动作，when, while 与与 as 可互换。可互换。 When/ While/As I wa
6、s walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 2. till, until 和和 not. until 1）until/ till 肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式， 意为 肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式， 意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。 He remained there until/ till she arrived. You may stay here until/ till the rain stops. 2
7、）否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为）否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直 到某时间才开始 某动作直 到某时间才开始”。构成。构成 not.until/till，意为，意为“直到直到.才才”。 She didnt go to bed until I come back. Dont worry. We wont set off until you arrive. 3）till 不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而 until 可以。可以。 2 Until you told me the news, I had no idea of it
8、. 4）not.until 句型中的强调和倒装用法。句型中的强调和倒装用法。 强调句型：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. 倒装句型：Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. （not until 置于句首，主句要用部分倒装结构）置于句首，主句要用部分倒装结构） Not until the clock struck 12 did she realize she must go home at once. 3. before 1）before“没有来得及没有来得及.
9、就就”“未未.就就”“.就就.” Someone called me up in the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone. They had talked only a few minutes before they found they were quite different in opinion. 2）before 作作“.才才.” The bus driver almost knocked me down before he saw me. The fire lasted about four hours
10、before the firefighters were able to control it. 3）before 可译为可译为“趁趁”“以免以免”“以防以防”等。等。 Ill do it before I forgot it. 趁还没有忘，我现在就把这事做了。 Wed better finish the work in time before the boss scolds us. 4）before 可译为可译为“（宁可（宁可.而）不愿而）不愿”。 Hed die before he apologizes to them. 他宁死也不向他们道歉。 Id give up the plan be
11、fore I turn to him for help. 注意：注意：“It + be + 一段时间一段时间+ before 从句从句”中的主句和从句的时态有两种情况：中的主句和从句的时态有两种情况： 如果主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时，意为如果主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时，意为“多长时间以后某事即将发生多长时间以后某事即将发生” ； It wont be long before we meet again. 不久我们就会再见的。 如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为“多长时间以后某事才发生多长时间以后某事才发生”。 It was 3 ye
12、ars before he came back from abroad. 三年后他才从国外回来。 4. since 译为译为“自从自从.”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 He has studied very hard since he came to our school. I havent heard any noise since I slept. He has written to me frequently since I was ill. 5. as soon as, immediately, directly, instant
13、ly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner. than. , hardly/scarcely. when.和和 once（一（一.就）就） 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译作 “一.就.”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。 The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming. No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. The boy burst into tears
14、 immediately he saw his mother. 注意：no sooner.than; hardly. when.时态搭配： no sooner 与与 hardly 引导的句子的谓语动词应用过去完成时，引导的句子的谓语动词应用过去完成时， 而而 than 与与 when 引导的句子的谓语动词应用一般过去时。引导的句子的谓语动词应用一般过去时。 3 当把当把 no sooner 和和 hardly 提到句首时，应用倒装语序。提到句首时，应用倒装语序。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home
15、 when it began to rain. 6. every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 等名词短语 用来引 等名词短语 用来引 导时间状语从句，表示导时间状语从句，表示“每当每当.；每次；每次.；下次；下次.”等。等。 Every/ Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here. The last time
16、 she saw James, he was lying in bed. I think of the things and the people when we studied there every time I go by my mother school. 二二 地点状语从句地点状语从句： 在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。引导词有在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。引导词有 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 等。等。 Make marks where you have questions. Yo
