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1、虚拟语气：虚拟证据表示说的话不是事实，或者不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或 者与事实相反的假设等，一般常用于正式的书面语中。 一、虚拟语气在if 条件从句中的用法： 1、a. If I were you, I would apply for the job. b. If I lived near my office, I would walk to the office. 与现在事实相反，If 条件从句谓语：过去式（be 用were） 主句谓语：should / would / could / might+动词原形 2、a. If you had been more careful, Y
2、ou could have passed the exam. b. If you had turned off the gas, the house wouldnt have caught fire. 与过去事实相反，If 条件从句谓语：had+动词过去分词 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + have done 3、a. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. if it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. If it rain
3、ed tomorrow, we would not go camping. 与将来事实相反：If 条件从句谓语：过去式 / should + v 原形 / were + to do 主句谓语：should / would / could / might + do 二、混合虚拟条件句：不同时间的虚拟，各遵守各的规则，如： If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be quite all right now. 从句叙述与过去事实相反（had + done），主句叙述与现在事实相反（would + v） If I were you, I w
4、ould have taken his advice. 从句叙述与现在事实相反（过去式），主句叙述与过去事实相反（would have done） 三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的适用： They demanded that the black people (should) be treated as well as white people. He suggested that we (should) start off at once.（建议） His smile suggested that he was satisfied with our work.（暗示，表明） I insisted
5、that you (should) give me my money back.（坚决（持），要求） Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.（坚持说/坚持认为） 这类动词有：一坚持（insist），二命令（order, command），三建议（advise, suggest, recommend, propose），四要求（require, request, demand, desire） I wish I were a bird. I do wish you would come earlier next time.,1,I wis
6、h I had done better in my work. 四、虚拟语气在主语从句中的适用： It was / is important / vital / necessary / appropriate / proper / right that eg: It is important that we (should) think before we decide. It is important that we (should) think before we decide. 据建议/要求/命令 eg: It is suggested that parents (should) spe
7、nd more time with their children alone. 五、虚拟语气在表语从句中的适用（与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如：suggestion, proposal, advice, order, demand, requirement 等）构成的表语从句常用should + do 结构 eg：Our suggestion is that the meeting (should) be put off. 六、虚拟语气在同位语从句中的适用（与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的名词。如： suggestion, proposal, advice, order, d
8、emand, requirement 等）构成的同位语从句中常用 should + do 结构 eg: Doctors give us some advice that we (should) pay more attention to our health. 七、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气：由 but for（要不是），Withou（t 要是没有），otherwise（要不然）,but 等引导 如：but for the storm, I would have arrived much earlier. Without your help, I wouldnt have passed the dr
9、iving test. I was too busy at that time. Otherwise I would have called you. I would have come to see you, but I was too busy. 注意：句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳 试题。 八、虚拟语气的其他用法 1、Its (high) time that 从句: (从句用过去式或者should + 动词原形 eg：Its high time that you went to school. 2、If only（要是就好了）用一般过去式表示与现在
10、或将来事实相反，用过去完 成的表示与过去事实相反。 eg：If only I were a film star. If only I had known his phone unmber. 3、as if 引导的方式状语从句中的虚拟语气： eg: He treats me as if I were his own son.,2,3,She speaks English so fluently as if she had learned English in America for years. He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad
11、. 4、would rather + that 从句中的虚拟语气 eg: I would rather that you paid me now. I would rather that you hadnt done it before. 5、虚拟语气也常用于“if it were / had beennot for”句型中，意为“要不是” eg: If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today. If it had not been for your advice, I would not have ac
12、cepted the job. 6、省略if 的虚拟语气：从句中有were, had, should 等词语，省略if，将were, had, should 提到句首，如：,（,If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. If it were to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. Were it to rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. If
13、I had had the money last year, I would have bought the house. Had I had the money last year, I would have bought the house. ）1. If we adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.,A. havent made C. didnt make,B. wouldnt make D. hadnt made,（,（,（,（,）2. Jack is a great talker.
14、Its high time that he something instead of just taking. A. will doB. has doneC. doD. did ）3. Dont handle the vase as if it made of steel. A. isB. wereC. has beenD. had been ）4. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had ）5. We
15、 lost our way in that small village, otherwise we more places of interest yesterday.,A. visited C. would visit,B. had visited D. would have visited,（,）6. Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.,4,D. were to live,（,A. l
16、ivesB. would liveC. has lived ）7. We the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?,（,（,（,A. should faceB. might faceC. could have faced D. must have faced ）8. If my car more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be ）9. Had they known what was coming next, they second thoughts. A. may haveB. could haveC. must have hadD. might have had ）10. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they alwa
