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1、 . . . 摘 要科学技术作为第一生产力，在高新技术飞速发展的今天，已日益成为一项耗资巨大的产业，需要强大经济资源作为保证，这个保证的决定因素就是全社会的科技投入。想要进行所有领域的科学研究，并保持全面的竞争优势，即使对于发达国家，其经济实力也不能承受。有鉴于此，有必要加强对国家投资开展的科技项目的监督和控制，以确保有限的科技资源用于完成最符合国家利益的科研活动。其中科技项目的立项评价是科技活动的起点，通过立项评价，可为管理部门提供决策依据。建立合理立项的指标体系和评价方法，使管理程序化、规化，增加决策的科学性，是实现预期科研目标的先决条件之一，其往往对计划的成败起关键的作用。本文首先在对国
2、外有关财政科技投入项目立项评价理论进行研究的基础上，通过深入分析，明确界定了科技项目立项的涵义；其次根据科技项目立项及科技项目立项评价的涵义，并结合科技项目立项评价的原则，建立了由15个指标构成的科技项目立项评价指标体系；再次，根据科技项目立项评价的目的、任务和评价对象的特点，确定了评价的步骤和容，并明确了科技项目立项评价方法，即采用层次分析法与熵权法相结合的组合赋权法确定指标权重系数、采用线性比例变换法对指标进行无量纲处理、采用理想点排序法对申报的科技项目进行立项综合评价；第四，根据科技项目立项评价方法，依据有关数据资料，对2005年市申报的科技项目进行立项评价，并根据评价结果对市财政科技投
3、入项目立项情况进行了系统、全面地评价及分析，在此基础上指出市财政科技投入项目立项决策具有一定的优势，但还存在着不足；最后，对市财政科技投入项目立项决策存在的问题进行了深入剖析，指出市财政科技投入项目立项决策存在的主要问题，并有针对性地提出了提高市科技项目立项评价绩效的一系列可行的对策建议。关键词科技项目；立项评价；评价指标体系；评价方法；赋权方法；对策建议 . . . . AbstractAt the present time when high and new technology is developing rapidly, as the first productive force th
4、e science and technology has become a hugely expensive industry which needs a strong foundation of economic resources which depends on the investment of the entire society on the science and technology. It is less impossible for developed countries with strong economic strength to carry on the scien
5、tific and technology research in all fields and to maintain the comprehensive competitive advantage. In view of this, it is necessary to strengthen supervision and control on science and technology project invested and developed by the nation in order to ensure that the limited resources is used to
6、finish science and technology activities in line with the national interests. Scientific and technology activities starts with the scientific and technological project evaluation which can provide decision-making basis for the management department. To establish a rational evaluation index system an
7、d evaluation methods of scientific and technological project which will increase the scientific nature of the decision-making and make management programmed and regulated is one of the prerequisites to achieve the anticipated R&D goal and plays the key role to the successfully planning.Firstly, this
8、 text studied the domestic and overseas appraisal theory of the science and technology project evaluation, and based on that, the meaning of the science and technology project evaluation is decided by deeply analyzing. Secondly, the science and technology project evaluation index system including 15
9、 indexes is set up according to the meaning as well as appraisal principle of the scientific and technological project. Thirdly, this text based on appraisal purpose, task, and appraisal object trait of the scientific and technological project evaluation, confirmed its appraisal process and content,
10、 and decided the appraisal method of the scientific and technological project evaluation, that is, deciding the index weight by using Analytic Hierarchy Process method and the entropy power method, giving the no-unit statement for the science and technology project evaluation index by using the line
11、ar ratio transformation method, then appraising by adopting the Topsis Rank Order method. Fourthly, based on the appraisal method of the scientific and technological project evaluation, according to related data, giving the appraisal, and analysis research to the scientific and technological project
12、 evaluation of Shijiazhuang based on the measured result after the scientific and technological project evaluation of Shijiazhuang in 2005, based on that the text pointed out the advantage and inferior position of scientific and technological project evaluation of Shijiazhuang. In the end, the analy
13、sis is made on the existing problems of Shijiazhuang scientific and technological project evaluation. It pointed out in the scientific and technological project evaluation of Shijiazhuang there exists importent problems, then a series of countermeasure and suggestions which can advance the scientifi
14、c and technological project evaluation of Shijiazhuang are put forward.Key words scientific and technological project; project appraisal; appraisal index system; appraisal method; weighting method; countermeasure and suggestions目录摘 要IAbstractII第1章 绪论11.1 课题的研究背景与意义11.2 课题研究的主要容31.3 本课题研究的目的与方法31.3.1
15、 本课题研究的目的31.3.2 本课题研究的方法31.4本课题研究的技术路线4第2章 科技立项评价相关概念及理论综述52.1 课题研究的相关概念52.2 国外理论综述52.2.1 国外理论综述62.2.2 国理论综述112.2.3 启示与借鉴132.3 本章小结15第3章 科技项目立项评价指标体系的建立163.1 概 述163.2 科技项目立项质量定义及特性163.3 评价指标体系的确定173.3.1 评价指标的选取原则173.3.2 建立评价指标体系的程序183.3.3 科技项目的分类193.3.4 科技项目立项评价指标体系的容193.4 指标评价值的确定223.4.1 评价指标的评价标准223.4.2 评价指标的标准化253.5 本章小结28第4章 基于熵权的组合赋权法的指标权重确定294.1 概 述294.2 评价指标权重的确定314.2.1 基于层次分析法的主观权重确定314.2.2 基于熵权法的客观权重确定344.2.3 组合权重的确定354.3 本章小结36第5章 科技项目立项评价方法的选取375.1 评价方法的比较375.2 本课题适用的评价决策模型405.3 本章小结41第6章 基于层次分析-熵-理想点模型的评价426.1 选择立项评价指标42
