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1、1 / 8 状语从句 状语从句 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状 语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让 步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard （rain hard 下大雨）when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his home
2、work, the telephone rang. As he walked along （沿着走）the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him
3、 everything when he comes back. He won t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“ 一直到 时” ， 谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“ 直到 才” , “在 以前不 ” , 谓语 动词可用瞬间动词。例如： The young man read till the light went out （熄灭） . Let s wait until the rain stops. We wo
4、n t start until Bob comes. Don t get off（从下来）until the bus stops. 【Till 是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的 时候， 而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止（不怎么可能持续） 。固定组合里from morning till night，till/until是不能替换的， 】 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless 引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?
5、 Don t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won t be late unless he is ill. (3) “祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you ll be late. =If you don t hurry up, you ll be late. Study
6、 hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not （不得；不应该）go the zoo. 2 / 8 Since you can t answer the question, I ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直
7、接原因， 语气最强。 Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提出的问题， 只能用 because。As 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放 在句首。例如： - Why aren t going there? - Because I don t want to. As he has no car, he can t get there easily. Since we have no money, we can t buy it. (3)because和 so 不能 同用在一个句子里。 4. 结果状语从句 (1
8、)结果状语从句由so that, such that, so that引导。例如： He is so poor that he can t buy a bike for his son.(和 too.to.句型的转换复习） She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her. My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn t see it. (2)so that 语 such.that 可以互换。例如： 在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 是副词， 与形容词连用。 其结构是 :
9、“.so + 形容词（副词） + that + 从句 ” 。例如： He was so glad that he couldn t say a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever （几乎不，从来不）see her. 在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中，such 是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以 是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a 或 an。例如： It
10、was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling. （天花板） He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderf
11、ul that all of us wanted to see it again. It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it. (3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用 such。例如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses. He has so little
12、time that he can t go to the cinema（去看电影）with you. 5. 比较状语从句 比较状语从句通常由asas, 比较级+ than 等连词引导。例如： Tom runs faster than John does. This classroom is as big as that one(is). 6. 目的状语从句 (1)目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that（为了，以便）引导。例如： 3 / 8 We started early so that we could catch the first train.( 动词不定式作目的
13、状语的转换练习） He studies hard so that he could work better in the future. （和不定式短语so as to 的转换练习） We used the computer in order that we might save time. （和不定式短语in order that 的转换练习） (2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句 里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might 等。2)从意思上看， 目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如： I ll
14、speak slowly so that every one of you can understand well . ( 目的状语从句 ) Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句 ) He ran quickly so that he won the race . (结果状语从句 ) He ran quickly so that he could win the race , (目的状语从句 ) 7. 让步状语从句 (1)让步状语从句通常由although, though 等连词引导。例如： Though he is young,
15、he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working. (复习 go on doing,go on to do) (2)although(though) 不能用在同一个句子中。例如： 我们不能说： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out. 应该说： Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或 It was raining hard, but he still went out. (3) even if/even thoug
16、h 表示“即使。 。 。 ，纵使。 。 。 ”之意，含有一种假设 We ll make a trip even if / even though the weather is bad . (4) no matter + 疑问词“不论。 。都。 。 。 ” No matter what happened , he would not mind = Whatever happened , he would not mind ., No matter who you are , you must keep the law.= Whoever you are , you must keep the law . 8. 地点状语从句 地点状语从句常常由where 来引导。例如： Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. 9. 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常用as,as if,
