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1、【英语】北师大版 达标测试（Unit 12Culture Shock）自主广场我夯基我达标.单项填空(动名词和不定式作宾语)1.I usually go there by train.Why not_by boat for a change?A.to try goingB.try goingC.try to goD.try and go解析:本题考查接动名词或不定式作宾语的短语和词汇。Why not do sth.？是固定用法，接不带to的不定式；try to do 表示“试图做某事”；try doing sth.表示“尝试着做某事”，常指尝试不一样的方法或方式。答案：B2.Did you p
2、lay cards again last weekend?Rather than_time playing cards,I devoted every effort to_the report.A.waste；writingB.wasted；writingC.to waste；writeD.wasting；write解析:本题考查动名词的用法及固定句型。rather than后通常接不带to的不定式，devote.to.中的to为介词，后须接动名词。答案：A3.I had nothing to do but_in bed,reading.A.to lieB.lieC.layD.was lyin
3、g解析:本题考查had nothing to do结构。这样的句型通常用but to do连接，但是主句中出现do或do的任何形式时，but后面都要变成省略to的不定式。答案：B4.It is easier to make a plan than_.A.carry it outB.to carry it outC.carry out itD.carry out解析:than连接的两个不定式,前后有对比关系，所以不定式符号to一般不省略。carry out是“动词副词”构成的短语，代词it或them应放在中间。关于不定式符号to的省略问题，一般说来,当两个语法功能相同的不定式并列使用时，后面的不
4、定式前通常可以省略to。如：I have come here to work and study with you.但如果两者有对比关系，则后面的不定式就不宜省略to。答案：B5._the right decisions_the future is probably the most important thing well ever do in our lives.A.Making;concernedB.Make;concerningC.To make;concernedD.Making;concerning解析:making the right decisions是主语；concernin
5、g是介词，意为“关于”。答案：D6.Gary got to the managers office to report his plan，only_the manager went out.A.to be toldB.to tellC.being toldD.telling解析:从句意分析可知，后面部分应为结果状语，可用不定式表示“出乎意料”的结果。又因为tell是及物动词，后面应带sb.作宾语，现在没有sb.，就意味着句子的主语是其逻辑上的宾语，所以不定式要用被动式，表示是别人告诉Gary的。动词不定式和现在分词都可以用作结果状语，两者的区别是：不定式常表示“出乎意料”的结果，前面常有onl
6、y；现在分词常表示“合乎常理”或“自然而然”的结果。答案：A7.The bike needs_,I am afraid.A.repairingB.to repairC.repairD.be repaired解析:当need作“需要”讲，并且需要做某事的动作不是由主语发出，而是主语接受时，need后的宾语就用动名词的主动结构表示被动意思，或者用动词不定式的被动结构。如：The dining hall needs cleaning/to be cleaned.和need的这一用法相同的还有want,require等。再如：The sentence requires explaining again
7、/to be explained again.答案：A8._to somebody,a British person often shakes hands with the stranger.A.IntroducingB.To introduce C.To be introducedD.On being introduced 解析:很明显，句中的空白处应选用非谓语动词的被动形式。如果将C项填入空白处，虽然这个不定式是被动形式，但不定式短语处于句首时通常充当目的状语。而介词on后跟动名词时，其意为“一就”。如果介词on后带被动态的动名词，除上述意义外，还可表示“在的时候”。答案：D9.How m
8、any of us_,say,a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?A.attendedB.attendingC.to attendD.have attended解析:句中的动词say为插入语，不影响句子结构，us为选项动词的逻辑主语，故应选用其动名词形式，构成How many of us attending a meeting that is not.?答案：B10.The flu is believed_by viruses that like to reproduce in
9、the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causingB.being causedC.to be causedD.be have caused解析:本题考查非谓语动词。在英语中表示“据说传知道”的句型是It is said/reported/known that somebody/something.Somebody/Something is said/reported/known to.；流感是被引起的，所以选。答案：C11.I dont know whether you happen_,but Im going to study in th
10、e U.S.A.this September.A.to be heard B.to be hearing C.to hear D.to have heard解析:本题考查不定式的时态辨析。句意为“我不知你是否已听说了”，要体现不定式的动作先于谓语动词发生或者应该已发生，不定式要用完成形式。答案：D12.What made Jack so upset?_three tickets for the music concert.A.LostB.LosingC.Because of losingD.Since解析:本题考查识别动名词短语作主语的能力。上句问“什么事使杰克这么难过？”答句是个省略句，完整
11、的句子应为“Losing three tickets for the music concert made Jack so upset.”A项是过去分词，不可作主语；C、D两项连接的部分只能作状语。因此只能用动名词losing短语作主语。答案：B13.You were silly not_your car.A.to lockB.to have lockedC.lockingD.having locked解析:要体现不定式的动作先于谓语动词发生，该不定式要用完成形式。答案：B14.Helen had to shout_above the sound of the music.A.making h
12、erself hearB.to make herself hearC.making herself heardD.to make herself heard解析:make oneself heard/seen/understood/known.结构的意思是“使别人听到/看见/理解/明白（认识）海伦”。而句中海伦大声说是让别人听见，用不定式表目的、打算。答案：D15.The soldiers tried their best and did what they could_against the flood.A.fightB.to fightC.fightingD.fought解析:could后
13、面省略了实义动词do；what they could （do）作前面动词did的宾语，故后面用不定式作目的状语。答案：B.单项填空(现在分词)1.Why did you go back to the shop?I left my friend_there.A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.waits 解析:本题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。从句意可知，第二个人回答返回商店的原因是他把朋友落在那儿了，朋友正等着他呢。leave sb.doing sth.表示“让某人处于、留在某种状态之中”，而动词应该是进行时态，表示持续的状态。答案：A2.The Olympic mascot
14、s are the Olympic flame,the fish,the panda,the Tibetan antelope and the swallow,_a close group of friends.A.to representB.representingC.representedD.represent解析:represent与前面的The Olympic mascots形成主谓关系。答案：B3.The pilot got over all the difficulties,_the plane safe and sound,for which he was highly spoken of.A.to landB.landingC.landedD.land解析:现在分词landing作结果状语。句意为“飞行员克服了所有的困难，把飞机安全地降落下来，他为此受到高度称颂”。答案：B4.A lot of coal miners died on the job last year,_the local government to shut nearly 5
