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1、2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（16-20） 附详析 (第16篇) Plants cant communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds，chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to
2、attract insects such as bugs and bees.Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants.A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bu
3、gs away or even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies.Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “enose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when theyre attacked.Scientists say the enose could hel
4、p quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses ，enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.The research team worked with an enose that
5、recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the enose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pe
6、pper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器)The enose, it turns out, could identify healt
7、hy cucumber，pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage by insects or with a hole punch had been done to the tomato leaves.With some finetuning，
8、a device like the enose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind.
9、 who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.语篇解读植物会说话吗？植物如何“交流”？本文中的科学家们正在尝试用enose来测试植物受到伤害时的反应。5We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by_.A. making some soundsB. wa
10、ving their leavesC. producing some chemicalsD. sending out electronic signals解析事实细节题。从文章第一段中的“Instead，plants produce volatile compounds，chemicals that.”可知，植物通过它本身所产生的一种化学物质来进行交流，所以答案选C。答案C6What did the scientists do to find out if the enose worked?A. They presented it with all common crops.B. They f
11、ixed 13 sensors inside the device.C. They collected different damaged leaves.D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.解析逻辑推理题。从文章第五段可知，为了证实enose的效果，科学家用受到伤害的叶子与健康的叶子来测试。所以选D。答案D7According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the enose is that it can_.A. pick out ripe fruitsB. spot the
12、 insects quicklyC. distinguish different damages to the leavesD. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves解析事实细节题。从倒数第二段中的“But even more impressive，the device could tell which type of damage.”可知，最令人惊奇的是enose能够分辨叶子受到的不同的“伤害”。答案C8We can infer from the last paragraph that the enose_.A. is unable to tell the sm
13、ell of flowersB. is not yet used in greenhousesC. is designed by scientists at PurdueD. is helpful in killing harmful insects解析逻辑推理题。从文章最后一段中的“could one day be used in greenhouses to.”推断可知，enose还没有运用到greenhouses中，由此推断B是答案。答案B (第17篇)The year 2009 is the Year of Ox. The ox is a representative of the f
14、arming culture of China. In the farming economy (经济), oxen are the major animals pulling plows (犁)Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats_on_land” for their ability to carry loads. Besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures. Their meat and m
15、ilk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes. With all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous creatures.In the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese. Even today, oxen still play a special part in some folk activities. For example, some people who live in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share it among family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13. They believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among family members. In order to express their love fo
